China retaliated against tariffs from the United States on Tuesday with a series of measures that took aim at American companies. Along with imposing tariffs and import restrictions, the country said, it had launched an antitrust investigation into Google.

周二，中国采取一系列针对美国公司的措施，以报复美国的关税。中国表示，除了征收关税和对进口采取限制措施外，还对谷歌展开了反垄断调查。

The announcement of the investigation was vague — just one line on a Chinese agency’s website. But it thrust Google, whose search engine is unavailable in China, into the middle of a geopolitical dispute and added to the company’s long list of regulatory headaches.

调查公告很含糊——中国政府机构网站上只有一行字。但它让谷歌（其搜索引擎在中国不可用）陷入地缘政治争端之中，并让该公司面临的一系列监管难题雪上加霜。

A Google spokesman declined to comment on the Chinese government’s investigation.

谷歌发言人拒绝就中国政府的调查发表评论。

Google has the world’s most widely used search engine, and also leads the market for digital advertising. The company has faced antitrust investigations around the world, including in the United States, Canada, Europe and South Korea.

谷歌拥有全球使用最广泛的搜索引擎，同时也是数字广告市场的领导者。该公司在世界各地面临反垄断调查，包括美国、加拿大、欧洲和韩国。

While it’s still unclear how China’s antimonopoly investigation will develop, it could affect Google’s dealings with Chinese companies. Here’s more about the company’s limited operations there:

虽然目前尚不清楚中国的反垄断调查将如何发展，但它可能会影响谷歌与中国公司的业务往来。以下是有关该公司在中国展开的有限业务的更多信息：

What did China announce?

中国宣布了什么？

China’s antitrust authority, the State Administration for Market Regulation, said it planned to investigate Google. The authority accused Google of violating an antimonopoly law without providing any additional details.

中国反垄断机构国家市场监督管理总局表示，计划对谷歌展开调查。该机构指控谷歌违反了反垄断法，但未提供任何进一步细节。

The same body has been investigating Nvidia, the American chip-making giant, on antitrust grounds since December.

自去年12月以来，该机构一直在以反垄断为由调查美国芯片制造巨头英伟达。

Isn’t Google banned in China?

谷歌不是在中国被禁了吗？

Google’s core products are unavailable in China because of the country’s censorship restrictions. The company’s search engine, video platform YouTube and Play Store for apps are all unavailable in the country.

由于中国的审查限制，谷歌的核心产品无法在中国使用。该公司的搜索引擎、视频平台YouTube和Google Play应用商店均无法在中国使用。

Does Google operate in China?

谷歌在中国有业务吗？

Google said it maintains a limited presence in China, with most of its activity focused on helping Chinese companies connect with customers and audiences outside of the country. This includes providing Android, its mobile operating system, to Chinese phone makers like Lenovo, Xiaomi and Vivo. Android code is open source, so phone makers can use it at no cost.

谷歌表示，其在中国的业务有限，大部分活动集中在帮助中国公司与国外客户和受众建立联系。其中包括向联想、小米和Vivo等中国手机制造商提供其移动操作系统安卓。安卓代码是开源的，因此手机制造商可以免费使用它。

The Silicon Valley company also lets Chinese companies advertise on Google and YouTube outside of China. Temu, the international arm of the Chinese e-commerce giant Pinduoduo, has flooded Google with ads for inexpensive goods to gain more customers in the United States. Shein, a Chinese clothing company, also advertises on Google services outside of China.

这家硅谷公司还允许中国公司在海外的谷歌和YouTube上投放广告。中国电子商务巨头拼多多的国际子公司Temu在谷歌上投放了大量廉价商品广告，以获得更多美国客户。中国服装公司Shein也在中国境外的谷歌服务上投放了广告。

How has Google’s relationship with China evolved?

谷歌与中国的关系是如何演变的？

Google has a difficult history in China. The company pulled its search engine out of China in 2010 because of government censorship and what the company said was a cyberattack from Chinese hackers trying to gain access to human rights activists’ email accounts.

谷歌在中国的发展并不顺利。2010年，该公司将其搜索引擎撤出中国，原因是政府审查制度，以及该公司所说的中国黑客发起的网络攻击，后者试图获取人权活动人士的电子邮件帐户。

Sergey Brin, Google’s co-founder, said at the time that the company objected to China’s “totalitarian” policies when it came to censorship, political speech and internet communications.

谷歌联合创始人谢尔盖·布林当时表示，公司反对中国在审查、政治言论和互联网通讯方面的“极权主义”政策。

But as China’s internet grew, Google was tempted to jump back in. In 2018, the company was developing a search app for China called Dragonfly, which would have censored information that was banned by the Chinese government. The project prompted outrage among Google employees and in 2019, the company said it stopped the effort.

但随着中国互联网的发展，谷歌也开始尝试重回中国。2018年，该公司为中国开发了一款名为“蜻蜓”(Dragonfly)的搜索应用，该应用会审查中国政府禁止的信息。该项目引发了谷歌员工的愤怒，2019年，该公司表示已停止该项目。

Google also opened a center for artificial intelligence in China in 2017, saying “the science of A.I. has no borders.” Two years later, the company shut the center and emphasized that it was no longer conducting A.I. research in China.

谷歌还于2017年在中国开设了一家人工智能中心，并表示“人工智能科学无国界”。两年后，该公司关闭了该中心，并强调不再在中国开展人工智能研究。