On a recent Monday, Dougal Keith drove an electric car out of his dealership’s showroom in Leeds, in northern England, and hit the accelerator.

不久前的一个周一，杜格尔·基思驾驶着一辆电动汽车离开他位于英格兰北部利兹市的经销店，而后一脚踩下油门。

The car, a Chinese-made BYD Seal Excellence, can reach 60 miles per hour in 3.8 seconds — a key selling point. Another is the price tag, about 48,000 pounds ($64,400), which is 20 percent cheaper than a top-range Tesla Model 3.

这辆中国制造的比亚迪海豹卓越版能在3.8秒内加速至时速百公里——这是它的核心卖点之一。另一个亮点是售价约4.8万英镑（6.44万美元），比顶配版特斯拉Model 3便宜20%。

Mr. Keith, who has been selling cars for more than four decades, said customers were skeptical of buying vehicles made in China when he opened a showroom in 2023 for BYD, China’s largest automaker. Now, he has six dealerships devoted to the brand.

拥有40余年汽车销售经验的基思表示，2023年他的这家中国最大车企比亚迪的经销店开业时，消费者对中国产汽车仍心存疑虑。而如今，他已拥有六家专门销售该品牌的门店。

“Some people have the perception that because it's Chinese it’s going to be made cheaply,” he said. But then, he would ask them, “Where do you think your iPhone is assembled?”

“有些人认为，因为是中国制造，所以做工肯定粗糙，”他说。但随后他会反问：“你觉得你的iPhone是在哪里组装的？”

Chinese cars are rapidly gaining ground in Britain, driven by a combination of factors. The lack of steep tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles — unlike in the European Union or the United States, where officials see the levies as a way to protect domestic production — means the cars can be sold in Britain at better prices. And British car buyers are not particularly loyal to brands, with no major mass-market British carmaker to support.

多重因素推动下，中国汽车正迅速抢占英国市场。与将关税视为保护本土生产手段的欧盟或美国不同，英国对中国电动汽车没有征收高额关税，这意味着中国汽车能以更优惠的价格在英国销售。此外，英国消费者对汽车品牌并无强烈忠诚度，本土也没有大型大众市场车企可供国民支持。

Last month, roughly a dozen Chinese automakers, like BYD, Chery and Geely, accounted for 13 percent of new car registrations in Britain, roughly double their market share a year ago, according to data from the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders.

英国汽车制造商与贸易商协会的数据显示，上月，比亚迪、奇瑞、吉利等约十几家中国车企占据了英国新车注册量的13%，较去年同期的市场份额近乎翻倍。

“The pace is like nothing the market has ever seen before,” said Ian Plummer, the chief commercial officer of Autotrader, Britain’s largest online car marketplace. BYD and Chery, which sell brands Jaecoo and Omoda, are gaining market share in Britain five or six times as fast as previous entrants, like Tesla a decade ago and South Korea’s Kia in the 1990s, he noted.

“这种增长速度是市场前所未见的，”英国最大在线汽车交易平台Autotrader的首席商务官伊恩·普卢默表示。他指出，相比10年前的特斯拉、上世纪90年代的韩国起亚等品牌进入英国市场时，比亚迪以及旗下拥有杰酷和欧萌达品牌的奇瑞在英国的市场份额增长速度是前者的五到六倍。

道格尔·基思在英格兰北部利兹市经营的比亚迪汽车经销店。过去一年间，中国制造的汽车在英国新车注册量中的份额翻了一番。英国购车者没有一家大型本土汽车制造商可以去支持，这为中国品牌等新兴汽车制造商提供了市场机遇。

Britain’s domestic auto manufacturing industry has been in decline for years, and produced about 600,000 cars so far this year, about half the pace of production at the end of last decade. The largest producers include Japan’s Nissan; Jaguar Land Rover, owned by India’s Tata Motors; and Mini, which is part of BMW.

英国本土汽车制造业多年来持续衰退，今年以来产量约为60万辆，仅为上十年末产量的一半。目前英国最大的汽车生产商包括日本日产、印度塔塔汽车旗下的捷豹路虎，以及宝马集团旗下的MINI品牌。

China has grown to become the largest car exporter in the world, making inroads in countries as far-flung as Mexico, Brazil, Malaysia and South Africa. China produces far more electric vehicles than any other country, and its automakers have proved adept at meeting shifting regulations and consumer preferences, gaining market share with in-demand hybrids as well.

中国已崛起为全球最大汽车出口国，足迹远及墨西哥、巴西、马来西亚、南非等国。中国的电动汽车产量远超其他任何国家，中国车企也被证明善于适应不断变化的法规和消费者偏好，凭借备受青睐的混合动力车型同样持续扩大市场份额。

Beijing has encouraged exports as a way to deal with overcapacity at home, which has led to cutthroat competition and substantial losses. The surge of Chinese exports has triggered a backlash in Western countries with large domestic auto industries.

中国政府鼓励汽车出口，以此应对已导致市场竞争白热化和巨额亏损的国内产能过剩问题。中国汽车出口的激增引发了拥有庞大本土汽车产业的西方国家的反弹。

U.S. tariffs of 100 percent on Chinese electric cars have effectively banned the vehicles there. The European Union has imposed tariffs of up to 45 percent on battery-powered vehicles from China.

美国对中国电动汽车征收100%的关税，实际上已经相当于禁止该类车型进入美国市场；欧盟则对来自中国的电动汽车征收最高45%的关税。

Britain has not erected similar trade barriers, instead levying a 10 percent tariff on all imported cars. The British government has been pursuing closer economic ties with China.

英国并未设置类似贸易壁垒，仅对所有进口汽车统一征收10%的关税。英国政府一直致力于与中国建立更紧密的经济联系。

Around two million new cars are sold in Britain every year. Since 2019, the number of different brands registering sales has nearly doubled, to more than 70, according to Autotrader. No single brand commands the same loyalty, or market share, as Volkswagen in Germany or Renault and Peugeot in France.

英国每年新车销量约为200万辆。Autotrader的数据显示，自2019年以来，在英国注册销售的品牌数量已翻倍至70多个。没有任何一个品牌能像大众在德国、雷诺和标致在法国那样拥有极高的消费者忠诚度和市场份额。

利兹停车场内的电动汽车充电站。作为全球最大的汽车出口国，中国同时也是最大的电动汽车制造国。

Chinese-made cars got a jump start in Britain thanks to SAIC Motor, a Chinese state-owned carmaker, which acquired the British sports car brand MG after its collapse in the mid-2000s. More and more production was shifted to China until, in 2016, SAIC closed MG’s factory in the Midlands, the center of British car manufacturing.

中国汽车在英国的起步得益于中国国有车企上汽集团。2000年代中期，英国跑车品牌名爵破产后，上汽集团将其收购。此后，该品牌的生产逐渐转移至中国，直至2016年，上汽关闭了位于英国汽车制造业中心米德兰的名爵工厂。

MG cars imported from China accounted for more than 4 percent of new registrations in Britain so far this year, the largest share for a Chinese-owned brand. BYD accounted for just over 2 percent, about the same as Tesla.

今年以来，进口自中国的名爵汽车占英国新车注册量的4%以上，是中国品牌中占市场份额最大的；比亚迪的占比略超2%，与特斯拉相当。

Mr. Keith, the auto dealer in Leeds, sold his first car at age 16 in 1980. Over the next decade, he gradually took over his father’s gas station and repair shop, which also sold Skoda cars, then made in Communist Czechoslovakia. In the early 1990s, he took a bet on the brand and opened a showroom just after Skoda was acquired by Volkswagen but before it gained a reputation for value and reliability.

利兹市的经销商基思在1980年他16岁时卖出了人生第一辆车。在接下来的10年里，他逐渐接管了父亲的加油站和维修店，那家店当时也销售斯科达汽车（当时产自共产主义国家捷克斯洛伐克）。上世纪90年代初，在斯科达被大众收购、尚未以高性价比和可靠性成名前，他就大胆押注该品牌，为其开设了经销店。

By the early 2020s, China’s BYD had caught Mr. Keith’s attention. With a group of other independent dealerships, he pitched the automaker and two and a half years ago became one of the first franchised dealers for the brand in Britain.

21世纪20年代初，中国的比亚迪引起了基思的关注。他联合其他几家独立经销商向比亚迪提出合作申请，并在两年半前成为该品牌在英国的首批特许经销商之一。

Initially, it was “very hard work,” Mr. Keith said. Few car buyers had heard of BYD, and he offered only an all-electric model.

基思表示，起初的经营“非常艰难”。当时很少有消费者听说过比亚迪，而且他最初只提供纯电动车型。

But as more models came out — particularly plug-in hybrids — sales increased. His sales staff emphasized the fully loaded vehicles’ perks, with rotatable touch screens, wireless phone chargers, voice controls and even karaoke features.

但随着更多车型推出——尤其是插电式混合动力车型——销量开始增长。他的销售团队着重宣传这些配置齐全的车型所具备的优势：可旋转触摸屏、无线手机充电器、语音控制，甚至还有卡拉OK功能。

Customers “are beginning to understand it’s not a budget brand,” said Fozia Siddique, who has been selling BYD cars since the Leeds showroom opened.

消费者“开始明白这不是一个廉价品牌”，自利兹店开业以来就一直销售比亚迪汽车的福齐亚·西迪基说。

道格尔·基思作为D·M·基思公司的合伙人，从事汽车销售工作已有45年。他预计公司明年的销售额将达到约5亿英镑。史蒂夫·瓦因一家和他们新买的车：一辆比亚迪插电式混合动力车。

Ms. Siddique recently helped sell a new BYD plug-in hybrid S.U.V. to Steve Vine. He bought the car, which retails for about £33,000, in part because of its spaciousness and the battery’s long range. Mr. Vine, 55, regularly drives more than 300 miles from his home near Leeds to the southwest coastal town of Cornwall, and wanted to be able to do so without needing to stop and charge for too long.

西迪基最近帮助史蒂夫·瓦因购买了一辆新的比亚迪插电式混合动力SUV。这款车零售价约为3.3万英镑，瓦因购买它的部分原因是空间宽敞且续航里程长。55岁的瓦因经常从利兹附近的家驱车约500公里前往西南沿海城镇康沃尔郡，他希望能在途中无需长时间停车充电。

In Derbyshire, Roger Lyons, 60, recently bought a £48,000 electric BYD Seal Excellence after trying out models from Audi, Hyundai and Porsche. The BYD was “as nice to drive almost as a Porsche, and it’s got more toys than any of the other cars,” he said. His accountant had urged him to switch to an electric car to save on fuel costs, since his penchant for used luxury automobiles left him with two Audi sports cars that can be pricey to run and maintain.

在德比郡，在试驾了奥迪、现代和保时捷的车型后，60岁的罗杰·莱昂斯最终购买了一辆售价4.8万英镑的比亚迪海豹卓越版电动汽车。“这辆车的驾驶体验几乎和保时捷一样好，而且比其他任何车的配置都更丰富，”他说。他的会计师建议他换一辆电动汽车以节省燃油成本——他偏爱二手豪华车，名下已有两辆奥迪跑车，使用和维护成本不菲。

罗杰·莱昂斯最近买了一辆比亚迪电动汽车，他表示，“这辆车的驾驶体验几乎和保时捷一样好，而且比其他任何车的配置都更丰富。”

Encouraged by the success of his BYD dealerships, this month Mr. Keith opened two locations to sell cars made by Changan, a Chinese state-owned automaker.

受比亚迪门店成功的鼓舞，基思本月又开设了两家门店，销售中国国有车企长安汽车的产品。

Next year, Mr. Keith expects sales at his company, which runs 28 dealerships selling a variety of global brands, to hit about £500 million, more than 50 percent higher than in 2024, boosted by the demand for Chinese cars.

基思的公司目前运营着28家门店，销售多个全球品牌的汽车。他预计，明年公司销售额将达到约5亿英镑，较2024年增长逾50%，这主要得益于对中国汽车需求的推动。

In September, the BYD dealership in Leeds sold more cars than any of his other dealerships in the area. “It’s pretty good going for a brand that two years ago nobody had heard of,” he said.

今年9月，利兹市的比亚迪门店销量超过了他在该地区的其他所有门店。“对于一个两年前还无人知晓的品牌来说，这已经非常不错了，”他说。

德比郡峰区国家公园的乡村风光。凭借其长续航电池技术，比亚迪吸引了众多希望长途驾驶无需频繁停靠充电的消费者。