China said Friday that the United States should take the lead in the reduction of nuclear weapons and military spending, after President Trump proposed working with China and Russia on these issues.

在特朗普总统提议与中国和俄罗斯就削减核武器和军费开支方面开展合作后，上周五，中国表示，美国应该在这些方面发挥带头作用。

Mr. Trump had told reporters on Thursday in the Oval Office that he would like to hold talks with both China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, and President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia about “slowing down, stopping and reducing nuclear weapons.”

特朗普于周四在椭圆形办公室告诉记者，他希望与中国最高领导人习近平和俄罗斯总统普京就“减缓、停止和削减核武器”举行会谈。

“There’s no reason for us to be building brand-new nuclear weapons,” he said. “We already have so many you can destroy the world 50 times over, 100 times over.” He also said he would urge the countries to commit to slashing their respective military budgets by half.

“我们没有理由制造全新的核武器，”他说。“我们已经有这么多了，可以摧毁世界50次，100次。”他还表示，他将敦促各国承诺将各自的军事预算削减一半。

In response, Guo Jiakun, a spokesman for China’s foreign ministry, depicted China as a much smaller player among nuclear powers, compared to the United States.

对此，中国外交部发言人郭嘉琨回应称，与美国相比，中国在核大国中是规模要小得多的参与者。

“As countries with the largest nuclear arsenals, the United States and Russia should earnestly fulfill their special priority responsibilities for nuclear disarmament,” Mr. Guo said at a regular news briefing.

“美俄作为拥有最大核武库的国家，理应切实履行核裁军特殊、优先责任，”郭嘉琨在例行新闻发布会上说。

Mr. Guo noted that the United States had the largest military budget in the world, and, therefore, “should set an example in reducing military expenditure.”

郭嘉琨指出，美国拥有世界上最大的军事预算，因此，“应该在削减军费方面优先作出表率。”

The U.S. Department of Defense estimates China has more than 600 nuclear warheads in its stockpile and is on pace to have over 1,000 by 2030. By comparison, the United States and Russia each has more than 5,000 nuclear warheads.

美国国防部估计，中国拥有600多枚核弹头，到2030年将超过1000枚。相比之下，美国和俄罗斯各自拥有5000多枚核弹头。

Ever since China detonated its first atomic bomb in 1964, Beijing has said that it would never initiate a nuclear strike unless it came under nuclear attack first — what it calls its “no first use” policy for deploying nuclear weapons.

自1964年中国引爆第一颗原子弹以来，北京方面一直表示，除非中国首先受到核攻击，否则永远不会发动核打击——这就是中国在部署核武器方面的“不首先使用”政策。

But China’s expanding and increasingly varied nuclear arsenal has fed skepticism among U.S. policymakers about whether Beijing is committed to its stated policy. China’s nuclear buildup also gives its leaders more ways to deter and threaten China’s rivals.

但中国不断扩大和日益多样化的核武库使美国政策制定者对北京是否会恪守既定政策持怀疑态度。中国的核建设也使其领导人有更多的方式来威慑和威胁对手。

Beijing has resisted nuclear arms talks with Washington because it does not want to agree to any controls before it has expanded and modernized its arsenal to the point where it feels it can confidently deter the United States, according to studies both in China and overseas.

根据中国和海外的研究，北京一直拒绝与华盛顿进行核武器谈判，因为在核武库扩大和现代化到它认为可以自信地威慑美国的程度之前，它不想同意任何控制措施。

Still, Mr. Guo said Beijing was “willing to work with all parties” to support multilateral arms control through the United Nations.

尽管如此，郭嘉琨表示北京“愿与各方一道”，通过联合国支持多边军控。

Mr. Guo did not directly address Mr. Trump’s call to cut military spending by half, saying only that China’s military budget was “relatively low” compared to the United States.

郭嘉琨没有直接回应特朗普削减一半军费的呼吁，只表示中国的军事预算与美国相比“是比较低的”。

Some Chinese analysts said that instead of focusing on arms control, Mr. Trump should also adopt a “no first use” nuclear policy.

一些中国分析人士称，特朗普不应该把重点放在军备控制上，而应该采取“不首先使用”的核政策。

“Given the situation in Ukraine and people’s worry about potential use of nuclear weapons, the priority right now in nuclear disarmament is not to reduce nuclear warheads, but to prevent countries from using nuclear weapons first,” said Zhou Bo, a retired senior colonel in the People’s Liberation Army of China who is now a senior fellow at the Center for International Security and Strategy at Tsinghua University in Beijing.

“鉴于乌克兰的局势和人们对可能使用核武器的担忧，目前核裁军的重点不是减少核弹头，而是防止各国首先使用核武器，”中国人民解放军退役大校周波说，他现在是北京清华大学国际安全与战略中心的高级研究员。