China’s leader Xi Jinping, the de facto geopolitical heavyweight at an Asia-Pacific economic summit, on Friday courted countries for trade and investment, but also implicitly warned them not to join the United States in reducing the world’s reliance on Chinese supply chains.

作为亚太经济峰会事实上的地缘政治重量级人物，中国领导人习近平周五积极争取各国对华贸易和投资，同时也含蓄地发出警告，不要加入美国削弱全球对中国供应链依赖的努力。

President Trump’s departure from South Korea a day earlier meant that Mr. Xi was the sole superpower leader at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in the city of Gyeongju. At the opening of the meeting, Mr. Xi could be seen smiling and shaking hands with world leaders and economic and finance ministers who came up to greet him.

由于特朗普在一天前离开韩国，习近平成为在庆州举行的亚太经济合作组织峰会上唯一的超级大国领导人。在会议开幕时，习近平微笑着与前来问候他的各国领导人以及经济和财政部长们握手。

Mr. Xi seized his time in the spotlight to pitch China, the world’s second-largest economy and a manufacturing powerhouse, to a room that included the leaders of Japan, Canada, Australia and the host, South Korea. (But not everyone in the room was an easy sell.)

利用自己处于聚光灯下的时刻，习近平向在场各国推介中国这一世界第二大经济体和制造业大国，在场的包括日本、加拿大、澳大利亚以及东道主韩国的领导人。（但并非在场的所有人都容易被说服。）

He met with Prime Minister Mark Carney, recently spurned by President Trump, and invited him to visit China. He even had what sounded like a candid meeting with Japan’s new leader, Sanae Takaichi, an outspoken critic of China, who appeared to show the limits of Mr. Xi’s outreach.

他与最近遭到特朗普冷遇的加拿大总理马克·卡尼会晤并向其发出访华邀请。他甚至与日本新任首相高市早苗进行了看似坦诚的会谈。后者是一位公开批评中国的政治人物，她的立场似乎显示了习近平外交努力的局限。

亚太经合组织成员经济体的领导人及其他代表齐聚庆州。

Earlier, in a speech at the opening of the summit, Mr. Xi called for the strengthening of industrial supply chains, making a veiled criticism of attempts by the West to shift factories away from a dependence on China. He said that China would “adhere to the principle of ‘joining hands’ rather than ‘letting go,’ and ‘extending chains’ rather than ‘breaking chains.’”

稍早在峰会开幕式上的讲话中，习近平呼吁加强产业供应链合作，这对西方试图推动工厂摆脱对中国依赖的做法做出了隐晦的批评。他表示，中国将“坚持‘拉手’而不是‘松手’，坚持‘延链’而不是‘断链’”。

In a separate speech to business leaders that was read out by a Chinese representative, Mr. Xi also took an indirect swipe at the United States, saying that APEC economies should “oppose protectionism, resist unilateral bullying, and prevent the world from returning to the law of the jungle.”

在另一场由中国代表代为宣读的面向商界领袖的讲话中，习近平也不点名地批评了美国，表示亚太经合组织成员应当“反对保护主义，抵制单边霸凌，防止世界重回丛林法则”。

That appeal for solidarity, however, was somewhat undercut by China’s recent actions. Earlier this month, China proposed sweeping new export controls on rare earth minerals that would have given Beijing extraordinary power over other nations. China dominates about 90 percent of the world’s supply of the minerals, which are vital for the production of virtually all modern technologies like semiconductors, batteries and jets.

然而，中国近期的举动在一定程度上削弱了这一呼吁团结的姿态。本月早些时候，中国提出了全面收紧稀土矿物出口管制的新规，这将使北京对其他国家拥有异乎寻常的影响力。中国掌握着全球约90%的稀土供应，而稀土对于几乎所有现代技术的生产都至关重要，包括半导体、电池和飞机等。

China had introduced those rare earth controls in response to U.S. trade measures, but the moves drew alarm in other countries.

虽然中国实施稀土管制是为了回应美国的贸易措施，但此举已引发多国警觉。

Mr. Xi was arriving at the regional summit on something of a diplomatic high, a day after talks with Mr. Trump that resulted in a truce, and, importantly, China had agreed to put on hold the new export controls on rare earths. Mr. Trump left the talks almost effusive with praise for Mr. Xi, effectively bolstering Mr. Xi’s argument that he is a steady hand seeking stability.

习近平是在可谓外交高点上抵达此次区域峰会的。就在前一天，他与特朗普进行会谈并达成了贸易休战协议，更重要的是，中国同意暂缓实施新的稀土出口管制。特朗普在会后几乎不吝赞美之辞，这在无形中强化了习近平希望塑造的追求稳定、稳健掌舵的领导人形象。

On Friday, though, Mr. Xi may have met a more openly critical interlocutor in Japan’s new prime minister. Ms. Takaichi told reporters that she raised Japan’s concerns about the export controls on rare earths; territorial disputes in the East China Sea; and the detention of Japanese nationals in China on espionage charges.

不过，习近平周五或许遇到了更为公开批评中国的谈话对象——日本新任首相。高市早苗向媒体表示，她在会谈中提出了日本对稀土出口管制的关切、东海领土争端，以及以间谍罪羁押日本公民问题。

She said she had expressed “serious concerns” about China’s militarization of the South China Sea and about human rights abuses in Hong Kong and the Xinjiang region.

她表示，她已对中国在南中国海的军事化行为，以及在香港和新疆地区的人权侵犯表达了“严重关切”。

“It is true that there are outstanding issues and differences of opinion,” Ms. Takaichi said, “but that is why it is important that we speak directly and frankly.”

“确实存在尚未解决的问题和意见分歧，”高市早苗说，“但也正因如此，我们才需要直接、坦率地沟通。”

Dylan Loh, an associate professor of public policy and global affairs at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, said that China’s rare earth controls were “an exercise of geopolitical leverage in the context of the U.S.-China economic conflict which will have not gone unnoticed.”

新加坡南洋理工大学公共政策与全球事务副教授骆明辉表示，中国的稀土管控是“在中美经济冲突背景下进行的一种地缘政治筹码运用，此举必将引发各方关注”。

Song Guoyou, an expert on U.S.-China economic relations at Fudan University in Shanghai, defended China’s rare earths export regime as a necessary response to U.S. tariffs on China and restrictions on American technology.

复旦大学中美经济关系专家宋国友则为中国的稀土出口政策辩护，称其是对美国对华关税以及对美国技术限制的必要回应。

“These actions have destabilized the regional flow of trade and production,” Mr. Song said. “This is precisely why China is calling for joint efforts to maintain the stability and smooth operation of these chains.”

“这些举措已经扰乱了区域贸易和生产的流动，”宋国友说，“这正是中国呼吁各方共同努力以维护这些供应链稳定顺畅运行的原因。”

Mr. Xi’s remarks on supply chains, Mr. Song continued, were a way to urge governments not to follow in America’s footsteps in using tariffs, imposing export restrictions and making excessive appeals for national economic security.

宋国友还表示，习近平关于供应链的讲话是在提醒各国政府不要效仿美国滥用关税工具、实施出口限制及过度渲染国家经济安全风险的行为。

“Was the stability of the rare earth supply chain a concern for most regional members before?” Mr. Song said. “Clearly not. So when did it become an issue? It arose after the United States continuously imposed trade suppression and export controls on China.”

“在此之前，稀土供应链的稳定是大多数区域成员关注的问题吗？”宋国友说，“显然不是。那么，它什么时候成为问题的？是在美国持续对中国实施贸易打压和出口管控之后。”

中国国家主席习近平在周五的会议上呼吁加强产业供应链建设，同时含蓄批评了西方试图推动产业摆脱对华依赖的做法。

Mr. Xi’s meeting with Mr. Trump on Thursday in Busan, a city roughly 50 miles south of Gyeongju, resulted in a reduction in some U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods, a suspension of port fees on Chinese ships and the delay of U.S. export controls that would have prevented more Chinese companies from acquiring American technology.

习近平在庆州以南约80公里的釜山与特朗普举行会晤，促成美国下调部分对华商品关税、暂停对中国船舶征收港口费，并推迟了将阻碍更多中国企业获取美国技术的出口管制措施。

In return, China agreed to restart purchases of American soybeans and pause its new export controls on rare earths. The United States said China also agreed to do more to curb the flow of precursor chemicals used in making fentanyl.

作为交换，中国同意恢复采购美国大豆，并暂缓实施稀土出口新规。美国表示，中国还同意采取更多措施遏制芬太尼前体化学品流入。

Mr. Loh, the expert in Singapore, noted that Mr. Xi used the forum to promote “practical cooperation” in the region that would have included China.

新加坡的专家骆明辉指出，习近平利用这一论坛推动了包括中国在内的地区“务实合作”。

Mr. Xi pointed to the Belt and Road, a Chinese global infrastructure project, and two trade agreements, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. Such pacts would help China counter U.S. efforts to cut Chinese companies out of trade.

习近平特别提及“一带一路”这一中国全球基础设施项目，以及两个贸易协定——《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》和《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》。这些合作框架将有助于中国应对美国将中国企业排除在国际贸易体系之外的努力。

Many regional countries find themselves caught between the demands of Washington and Beijing. Their best bet is often to improve ties with both sides in the hopes of extracting more benefits, analysts said.

许多地区国家深陷华盛顿和北京的角力之中。分析人士表示，这些国家最好的选择往往是同时深化与双方的关系，以期获得更多利益。

In just the last week, Mr. Trump signed trade deals with Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Malaysia, while China enhanced its trade pact with a Southeast Asian group of 11 countries.

就在上周，特朗普与泰国、柬埔寨、越南和马来西亚签署了贸易协议，而中国则升级了与东南亚11国集团的贸易协定。

“It’s a question of Southeast Asian countries doing what they always do: Make whatever accommodations are needed to ensure robust relations with both the United States and China,” said Stephen Olson, a former U.S. trade negotiator who is now a senior fellow at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute in Singapore.

“这是东南亚国家一贯的做法：采取一切必要的调整，确保与美国和中国保持稳健的关系。””美国前贸易谈判代表、现任新加坡东南亚研究所资深研究员斯蒂芬·奥尔森表示。