The Pentagon on Monday labeled Tencent, the Chinese social media and gaming giant, as a Chinese military business operating in the United States, the latest action in an escalating series of retaliatory moves between the world’s two superpowers.

周一，五角大楼将中国社交媒体和游戏巨头腾讯定性为在美国运营的中国军事企业，这是世界两个超级大国之间不断升级的一系列报复行动中的最新举措。

Tencent’s shares in the United States plunged by nearly 10 percent following the decision by the Defense Department, which also targeted Chinese battery, drone and shipping companies.

在美国国防部做出决定后，腾讯在美国的股价暴跌了近10%，该决定还针对了中国的电池、无人机和航运公司。

The Defense Department updates annually a list of what it designates as “Chinese military companies,” entities it has identified as having both military and commercial technology. There are now 134 companies on the list, which was posted to the Federal Register. It also added Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., known as CATL, as well as units of China Overseas Shipping, known as COSCO, the chipmaker Changxin Memory Technologies and the drone maker Autel Robotics. China Overseas Shipping is one of the world’s largest shipping lines.

国防部每年更新其指定的“中国军事公司”的名单，这些公司被认定为同时拥有军事和商业技术的实体。这份名单公布在《联邦公报》上，目前共有134家公司。名单中还包括宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司(CATL)、中国远洋海运集团有限公司(COSCO)、芯片制造商长鑫存储和无人机制造商道通智能。中国远洋海运是世界上最大的航运公司之一。

Putting Tencent on the list was “clearly a mistake,” a spokeswoman for the company said in an emailed statement. “We are not a military company or supplier.”

腾讯发言人在电子邮件声明中表示，将腾讯列入名单“显然是一个错误”。“我们并不是军工企业或军工供应商。”

Tencent also said that the listing would have “no impact on our business,” and that it would “work with the Department of Defense to address any misunderstanding.”

腾讯还表示，被列入名单“对我们的业务没有影响”，并将“同美国相关部门合作共同解决误会”。

The designation is a warning to businesses in the United States that working with companies on the list could get them barred from future Pentagon contracts.

该认定是对美国企业的一种警告，与名单上的公司合作可能会使它们今后无法获得五角大楼的合同。

To be added to the list, a company must have some business operations within the United States. For example, CATL is licensing its battery technology to the American carmaker Ford Motor, which is building a $3.5 billion electric vehicle factory in Michigan.

公司必须在美国境内有业务运营才会被列入名单。例如，宁德时代将其电池技术授权给美国汽车制造商福特汽车，后者正在密歇根州建设一座35亿美元的电动汽车工厂。

Shares of Tencent, which is listed in Hong Kong, and CATL, which trades in Shenzhen, China, slumped in Asia trading.

在香港上市的腾讯和在中国深圳上市的宁德时代的股价在亚洲交易时段大幅下挫。

CATL did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

宁德时代没有立即回应置评请求。

As tensions between the U.S. and China have escalated in recent years, pressure has been growing from lawmakers to find ways to thwart China’s advances technologically and militarily.

随着近年来中美之间的紧张局势升级，立法者施加了越来越大的压力，要求找到阻止中国在技术和军事上取得进步的方法。

In 2021, the Chinese consumer electronics company Xiaomi successfully sued the Pentagon to be removed from the blacklist after arguing in federal court that it had no ties to the Chinese military.

2021年，中国消费电子公司小米起诉五角大楼，在联邦法庭上表示自己与中国军方没有关系，并要求将公司从黑名单中删除，最终取得胜诉。

More recently, the countries have engaged in an escalating economic tit-for-tat. It began during the first term of President-elect Donald J. Trump, after he took aim at China with tariffs and restrictions on trade. At that time, Beijing took mostly symbolic and measured responses in retaliation.

最近，两国在经济上针锋相对，不断升级。这种态势始于候任总统特朗普的第一个任期，当时他对中国征收关税并限制贸易。北京采取了象征性的、慎重的报复措施。

Since then, the Biden administration has expanded its restrictions on Chinese companies and imposed bans on dual-use products, recently targeting 140 Chinese companies. On Thursday, the administration said it was considering a new rule that could restrict or ban Chinese drones in the United States.

此后，拜登政府扩大了对中国企业的限制，并对军民两用产品实施禁令，最近还把目标对准140家中国企业。周四，政府表示正在考虑一项新规定，可能会限制或禁止中国无人机进入美国。

Beijing has adopted an increasingly aggressive stance as it prepares for a second presidential term with Mr. Trump, an outspoken critic of China and its economic might.

特朗普向来不掩饰对中国及其经济实力的指责，面对他的又一个任期的到来，北京采取了越来越强硬的立场。

Chinese regulators have announced an investigation into the American computer chip company Nvidia, banned the export of rare minerals to the United States and have taken more targeted swipes at individual companies to expose their supply chain vulnerabilities.

中国监管机构宣布对美国电脑芯片公司英伟达展开调查，禁止向美国出口稀有矿物，并对个别公司进行了更有针对性的打击，以暴露其供应链的脆弱性。