President Trump and his Ukrainian counterpart, Volodymyr Zelensky, held talks at Mar-a-Lago on Sunday about the revised draft peace plan that Ukraine has portrayed as its best effort to end the war with Russia.

特朗普总统与乌克兰总统泽连斯基于上周日在马阿拉歌庄园举行会谈，讨论一份和平计划的修订草案，乌克兰称该计划是为结束与俄罗斯的战争而做出的最大努力。

Afterward, Mr. Zelensky called it a “great meeting,” and Mr. Trump said he believed that Russia and Ukraine were “maybe very close” to a deal to end their war. But aides to President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia, who spoke with Mr. Trump earlier on Sunday, were dismissive of a number of ideas in the plan, including the deployment of European peacekeepers to Ukraine.

会谈结束后，泽连斯基称其为一次“很好的会晤”，特朗普表示，他相信俄乌双方“或许非常接近”达成结束战争的协议。但俄罗斯总统普京（他在上周日早些时候与特朗普通话）的助手们对该计划中的多项想法持否定态度，包括向乌克兰部署欧洲维和部队。

The 20 points in the proposal — which Mr. Zelensky unveiled after negotiations with the United States — cover a broad range of issues, including security guarantees that Ukraine seeks to prevent future Russian aggression and commitments to rebuild the war-ravaged nation. Mr. Zelensky said on Friday that the plan was “90 percent ready,” while acknowledging that Ukraine and the United States had yet to reach full agreement on territorial questions that have been the biggest sticking points.

泽连斯基在与美国谈判后公布的20点提案涵盖了广泛议题，包括乌克兰寻求防止俄罗斯未来侵略的安全保障，以及重建饱受战争摧残的国家的承诺。泽连斯基在上周五表示，该计划“90%已准备就绪”，同时承认乌克兰和美国在领土问题上尚未达成完全一致——这始终是谈判的最大难点。

Here’s what we know about the 20 points.

以下是我们对这20点和平计划的了解。

What have Ukraine and the United States agreed on?

乌克兰和美国在哪些方面达成一致？

Most of the points, Mr. Zelensky said last week.

泽连斯基上周表示，大多数是一致的。

The Ukrainian leader said he was especially pleased that Kyiv and Washington were largely in agreement on security guarantees to ensure that Russia does not invade Ukraine again. These guarantees would include maintaining a peacetime army of 800,000 troops funded by Western partners, as well as Ukraine’s membership in the European Union.

乌克兰领导人表示，他特别满意的是，基辅和华盛顿在确保俄罗斯不再入侵乌克兰的安全保障上基本一致。这些保障包括由西方伙伴资助维持80万人的和平时期军队，以及乌克兰加入欧盟。

Mr. Zelensky wants the peace deal to include a precise date for Ukraine’s entry into the bloc, to make it a firm and concrete guarantee. But it remains uncertain whether the E.U. would agree to identify such a date, given the complexity of its membership negotiations.

泽连斯基希望和平协议包括乌克兰加入欧盟的具体日期，以使其成为坚定而具体的保障。但鉴于欧盟成员资格谈判的复杂性，目前尚不确定欧盟是否会同意确定这样的日期。

周日，特朗普总统在其位于佛罗里达州的马阿拉歌庄园与乌克兰总统泽连斯基会晤。泽连斯基上周表示，一份和平计划“90%已准备就绪”。

The guarantees would also include a bilateral security agreement with the United States, voted on by Congress, as well as European military support to Ukraine’s defenses in the air, on land and at sea. Some European countries have said they are ready to deploy forces in Ukraine as part of this support package, though Russia has said it opposes any such troop presence.

这些保障还将包括需经美国国会批准的双边安全协议，以及欧洲对乌克兰陆海空防务的军事支持。有些欧洲国家表示，根据这一支持方案，他们准备向乌克兰部署部队，尽管俄罗斯表示反对任何此类部队存在。

Ukraine and the United States also agreed on a number of provisions to avoid a resumption of hostilities, such as a mechanism to monitor the line of contact. The draft plan also includes a commitment to release all prisoners of war and detained civilians, as well as to organize elections in Ukraine as soon as possible after a peace deal is signed.

乌克兰和美国还就多项防止冲突再起的条款达成一致，例如建立接触线监控机制。该草案还包括承诺释放所有战俘和被拘押平民，以及在和平协议签署后尽快在乌克兰组织选举。

What are the sticking points?

分歧有哪些？

The fate of Ukraine-held territory in the eastern Donetsk region remains “the most complex point,” Mr. Zelensky said this past week.

泽连斯基在上周表示，乌克兰控制的东部顿涅茨克地区的归属问题仍是“最复杂的一点”。

A previous peace proposal drafted by Russia and the United States called for Ukrainian forces to withdraw from the areas of Donetsk they currently hold and turn them into a neutral demilitarized zone. Ukraine rejected that option, saying it could not unilaterally cede land that Russia had not captured.

先前由俄罗斯和美国起草的和平提案要求乌克兰部队从他们目前控制的顿涅茨克地区撤出，并将其转变为中立非军事区。乌克兰拒绝了这一选项，称其不能单方面放弃俄罗斯未曾占领的土地。

The compromise Mr. Zelensky outlined builds on the idea of creating a demilitarized zone in Donetsk but expands it to include not only areas vacated by Ukrainian forces but also Russian-controlled areas from which Moscow would pull its troops. A buffer zone overseen by international forces would separate the two sides within the demilitarized area.

泽连斯基概述的妥协方案基于在顿涅茨克创建非军事区的想法，但扩展到不仅包括乌克兰部队撤出的地区，还包括俄罗斯控制的地区，莫斯科将从这些地区撤军。国际部队监督的缓冲区将分隔非军事区内的双方。

“The Americans are trying to find a way for this to be ‘not a withdrawal,’ because we are against withdrawal,” Mr. Zelensky said. “They are looking for a demilitarized zone or a ‘free economic zone,’ meaning a format that could satisfy both sides.”

“美国人正在试图找到一种方式，让这显得‘不是撤军’，因为我们反对撤军，”泽连斯基说。“他们寻求建立非军事区或‘自由经济区’，即一种可能满足双方需求的安排。”

Another sticking point revolves around a Russian-occupied nuclear power plant in the southern Zaporizhzhia region of Ukraine. It is Europe’s largest such plant, with a generation capacity of six gigawatts, and Kyiv says it needs it for postwar reconstruction.

另一个症结围绕乌克兰南部扎波罗热地区的俄占核电站。这座欧洲最大核电站的发电容量为6吉瓦，基辅表示需要它用于战后重建。

Mr. Zelensky said the United States had proposed that Washington, Kyiv and Moscow share control of the plant and profits from it. But he said Kyiv could not agree to trade energy with Moscow. He suggested a compromise in which the plant would operate as a joint venture between Kyiv and Washington, with the United States allowed to share its profits however it pleased. That suggested that Washington could separately strike a deal with Moscow.

泽连斯基表示，美国提议华盛顿、基辅和莫斯科共享该电站的控制权和利润。但他表示，基辅不能同意与莫斯科进行能源交易。他建议一种妥协方案，即该电站由基辅和华盛顿作为合资企业运营，美国可以自行决定如何分享其收益。这暗示华盛顿可以另行与莫斯科达成协议。

How could the United States profit?

美国如何从中获益？

Several points in the plan deal directly with America’s economic interests as part of a postwar settlement.

该计划的若干点直接涉及美国参与战后解决方案的经济利益。

It envisions the creation of a “Ukraine Development Fund to invest in high-growth sectors, including technology, data centers and artificial intelligence.” U.S. and Ukrainian companies would cooperate to support reconstruction projects in areas including the energy sector.

这包括设想创建“乌克兰发展基金”，投资技术、数据中心和人工智能等高增长部门。美国和乌克兰公司将合作支持包括能源部门在内的重建项目。

The plan mentions the “extraction of minerals and natural resources” in Ukraine, something the Trump administration has made a priority for its economic interests there.

该计划提到在乌克兰“开采矿产和自然资源”，这是特朗普政府在当地经济利益中的优先事项。

乌克兰内奥帕利米夫卡的一座铀矿。

The plan says that “several funds will be established” to address Ukraine’s postwar recovery and rebuilding, with the ultimate goal of raising up to $800 billion. It says that “a leading global financial leader” will be appointed “to organize the implementation of the strategic recovery plan and to maximize opportunities for future prosperity.”

该计划表示，将设立“若干基金”来应对乌克兰的战后恢复和重建，最终目标是筹集高达8000亿美元。美方表示，将任命一位“领先的全球金融领袖”来“组织战略恢复计划的实施，并将未来繁荣机遇最大化”。

That is most likely a reference to the American firm BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager, which the American side recently brought into the peace talks.

这很可能指的是美国的全球最大资产管理公司贝莱德(BlackRock)，美国方面最近将其引入和平谈判。

What has Russia said?

俄罗斯说了什么？

The Kremlin said that Mr. Putin had been briefed about the negotiations. “We aim to formulate our future stance and resume our contacts shortly via the established channels currently in use,” the Kremlin spokesman, Dmitri S. Peskov, said last week.

克里姆林宫表示，普京已听取了谈判简报。“我们旨在制定我们未来的立场，并在短期内通过目前使用的既有渠道恢复接触，”克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·S·佩斯科夫上周表示。

A spokeswoman for the Russian Foreign Ministry said Thursday that there had been “slow ​but steady progress” in negotiations with the United States. She did not provide further details.

俄罗斯外交部一位发言人上周四表示，与美国的谈判有“缓慢但稳定的进展”。她没有提供进一步细节。

Russia is likely to reject the compromises offered by Ukraine on territorial arrangements and control of the nuclear plant. The Kremlin has repeatedly said it aims for a full military takeover of the eastern Donbas region — which includes Donetsk — whether achieved on the battlefield or at the negotiating table. It also has dismissed any notion of returning the nuclear plant to Ukrainian control.

俄罗斯很可能拒绝乌克兰在领土安排和核电站控制上提供的妥协。克里姆林宫一再表示，其目标是通过战场或谈判桌完全军事接管包括顿涅茨克在内的东部顿巴斯地区。它还驳斥了任何将核电站归还乌克兰控制的想法。

Just hours before Mr. Zelensky landed in Florida, Mr. Putin said that “smart people” in the West were now urging Ukraine to “accept dignified terms for ending the conflict” and providing “good basic conditions” for Ukraine’s long-term security and economic recovery.

就在泽连斯基抵达佛罗里达前几小时，普京表示，西方“聪明人”现在正在敦促乌克兰“接受体面的结束冲突条款”，并为乌克兰的长期安全和经济恢复提供“好的基本条件”。

As the Russian Army advances, Mr. Putin said Saturday evening, Moscow’s interest in negotiating Ukraine’s withdrawal from the Donbas was waning.

普京上周六晚间表示，随着俄罗斯军队推进，莫斯科对与乌克兰谈判从顿巴斯撤军的兴趣正在减弱。

“If the Kyiv authorities do not wish to settle the matter peacefully,” he warned, Russia will achieve its objectives “through armed means.”

“如果基辅当局不想和平解决此事，”他警告说，俄罗斯将通过“武装手段”实现目标。

On Sunday, ahead of the meeting with Mr. Zelensky, Mr. Trump spoke with Mr. Putin for more than an hour, Yuri Ushakov, the Russian leader’s top foreign policy aide, said.

俄罗斯领导人的高级外交政策助手尤里·乌沙科夫表示，周日，在与泽连斯基会晤前，特朗普与普京通话超过一小时，。

During the call, the aide said, they agreed that a long-term peace settlement was better than the temporary cease-fire pushed forward by the Ukrainians and the Europeans. Kyiv must make a “courageous, responsible political decision” regarding the Donbas, Mr. Ushakov said, adding, “Given the situation on the front lines, Kyiv must not delay making that decision.”

这位助手表示，他们在通话中同意长期和平解决方案优于乌克兰人和欧洲人推动的临时停火。乌沙科夫还说，基辅必须就顿巴斯做出“勇敢、负责任的政治决定”，并且“鉴于前线局势，基辅必须毫不拖延地做出这一决定”。