A new Army weapon emerged from relative obscurity after one struck a sports hall and school in southern Iran early in the U.S.-Israeli war, according to weapons experts and a visual analysis by The New York Times.

据武器专家以及《纽约时报》所做的影像分析，在美以发动对伊朗战争的初期，一种此前鲜为人知的陆军武器在伊朗南部击中了一座体育馆和一所学校，由此进入公众视野。

Local officials cited in Iranian media said the strike and others nearby killed at least 21 people, including young girls playing volleyball.

伊朗媒体援引本国官员的话称，此次袭击及附近的其他袭击共造成至少21人死亡，其中包括一些正在打排球的年轻女孩。

That weapon is the Precision Strike Missile, or PrSM (pronounced like “prism”). The PrSM is barely out of the prototype phase, and the Army has not yet created an entry for it in the military’s supply system or given it an official nomenclature — much less disclosed details like its maximum range, its accuracy or the amount of explosives it carries.

这种武器是“精确打击导弹”（Precision Strike Missile，简称PrSM，发音类似“prism”）。这种导弹才刚刚走出原型阶段，陆军尚未在军事供应系统中为其建立条目，也没有为其指定官方代号——更不用说披露其最大射程、精度或所携带炸药量等细节了

Here is what we know about it.

以下是目前已知情况。

When was the Precision Strike Missile developed?

精确打击导弹是何时研发的？

The PrSM debuted just four months after the demise of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 2019. It would have been banned under that treaty, which prohibited the United States and Russia from fielding ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles capable of ranges between 311 and 3,420 miles.

PrSM在2019年《中程核力量条约》失效后仅四个月首次亮相。根据该条约，美国和俄罗斯不得部署射程在500公里至5500公里之间的陆基弹道导弹和巡航导弹，而PrSM若在条约仍然有效时将属于被禁止之列。

The missile finished its prototype testing and entered low-rate production less than a year ago.

该导弹不到一年前完成了原型测试，并进入小批量生产阶段。

It will replace the Army’s ATACMS missile, which was developed in the 1980s and could strike targets about 190 miles away. The PrSM is expected to fly more than twice as far.

它将取代美国陆军的ATACMS导弹。后者研制于20世纪80年代，射程约为300公里。PrSM的预计射程将是ATACMS的两倍以上。

Who makes it?

谁是生产商？

Lockheed Martin makes the PrSM at a facility in Camden, Ark. According to a news release, the company has 115,000 square feet of factory space and 400 employees devoted to its production.

洛克希德·马丁公司在阿肯色州卡姆登的工厂制造PrSM。根据新闻通稿，该公司为其生产配备了1.6万平方米的厂房空间，以及400人的人员配置。

How many of them have been made?

目前已经生产了多少枚？

The exact number is not publicly known.

具体数字尚未公开。

On March 10, a spokeswoman for Lockheed referred questions about the number of PrSMs it has delivered to the Army. The Army declined to provide any data on its inventory or production rate.

3月10日，洛克希德·马丁公司的发言人将有关PrSM交付数量的问题转给了陆军方面。陆军则拒绝提供库存或生产速度数据。

How much has the Pentagon spent on them so far?

五角大楼迄今为止在该项目上花费了多少资金？

In September 2022, the Pentagon announced it was purchasing 54 of the new missiles for $77.4 million, or about $1.4 million each. In the 2023 fiscal year budget, the Army requested an additional $472 million to purchase 120 more of them.

2022年9月，五角大楼宣布以7740万美元的价格采购54枚新型导弹，折合每枚约140万美元。在2023财年预算中，陆军申请追加4.72亿美元再采购120枚。

Lockheed announced it had delivered the first operational Precision Strike Missiles to the Army in December 2023. Months later, the company received an additional $219 million from the Defense Department for the weapon.

洛克希德·马丁公司宣布，已于2023年12月向陆军交付了首批具备作战能力的精确打击导弹。数月后，该公司又从国防部获得了2.19亿美元的追加资金用于该武器。

And in March 2025, it was awarded $5 billion more.

2025年3月，它又获得了50亿美元的合同。

Where have they been tested?

这些导弹的测试地点在哪里？

A prototype of the Precision Strike Missile was first launched at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico in December 2019.

精确打击导弹的原型于2019年12月首次在新墨西哥州的白沙导弹靶场发射。


Since then, 12 additional test launches have been conducted in New Mexico and California. The most recent test was announced on March 12.

此后，在新墨西哥州和加利福尼亚州又进行了12次试射。最近一次测试的消息是在3月12日宣布的。

How are they launched?

这些导弹是如何发射的？


美军士兵正在将载有一枚ATACMS导弹的发射箱装上“海马斯”。PrSM的发射箱几乎相同，每个发射箱可以装载两枚导弹。

The missiles are packed in containers commonly called “pods” that each contain two PrSMs.

这些导弹装在通常被称为“发射箱”(pods)的容器中，每个发射箱可装载两枚PrSM导弹。

The Cold War-era M270 vehicle, which is based on the Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle and runs on tracks, can carry two pods at a time — for a total of four Precision Strike Missiles.

冷战时期的M270发射车在布雷德利步兵战车的基础上改进而来，采用履带行进，一次可携带两个发射箱，也就是共四枚“精确打击导弹”。

The newer M142 HIMARS, a lighter-weight six-wheeled truck, can carry just one pod at a time.

更新的M142海马斯则是一种更轻的六轮卡车发射平台，每次只能携带一个发射箱。

How have they been used in the war with Iran?

它们在伊朗战争中是如何使用的？

On Feb. 28, U.S. Central Command, which directs military operations in the Middle East, showcased some of the weapons used during the first 24 hours of the war with Iran — one of which was a PrSM being launched from a HIMARS vehicle in an apparently desert environment.

2月28日，负责指挥中东军事行动的美国中央司令部展示了在与伊朗开战头24小时内使用的部分武器，其中包括一枚在类似沙漠环境中由“海马斯”发射的PrSM导弹。


Central Command said the PrSMs were part of a barrage of munitions that were fired from outside the range of Iran’s defensive weapons.

中央司令部表示，这些PrSM导弹是从伊朗防御武器的射程之外发射的一批弹药之一。

Immediately after firing, the vehicles typically drive to another location to avoid potential enemy counterattacks and then reload.

发射后，这些战车通常会迅速转移至另一地点，以躲避敌方可能的反击，随后进行重新装填。

It is unclear where U.S. forces have launched PrSM missiles from during the war, although U.S.-made HIMARS vehicles have launched short-range ballistic missiles from Bahrain into Iran. And a HIMARS unit from the Wisconsin National Guard is currently deployed to Kuwait.

目前尚不清楚美军在此次战争中是从何处发射PrSM导弹，不过，美制“海马斯”此前曾从巴林向伊朗发射短程弹道导弹。此外，来自威斯康星州国民警卫队的一支“海马斯”部队目前部署在科威特。

一枚“海马斯”系统发射的PrSM导弹射向伊朗。

How important is this missile to the Pentagon?

这种导弹对五角大楼有多重要？


Based on the dollar amounts of contracts signed between the Defense Department and Lockheed, it appears to be very important to the Pentagon’s future war plans.

从国防部与洛克希德·马丁签署的合同金额来看，它显然在五角大楼未来的作战规划中占据重要地位。

On Wednesday, the Pentagon announced it had entered into an agreement with Lockheed to accelerate production of PrSMs “on a wartime footing.” The same day, the company said that agreement and the $5 billion contract that preceded it would allow Lockheed to “quadruple PrSM production capacity.”

周三，五角大楼宣布已与洛克希德·马丁公司达成协议，以“战时状态”加速PrSM的生产。同日，该公司表示，这项协议以及此前签订的50亿美元合同，将使洛克希德公司能够“将PrSM的产能增至原来的四倍”

Lockheed plans to develop four different PrSM “increments,” or variants, which the company has said will increase the missile’s maximum range and eventually give it the ability to hit moving objects, including ships at sea.

洛克希德·马丁公司计划开发四种不同的PrSM“增量型”，称这些改进将提升导弹的最大射程，并最终使其具备打击移动目标的能力，包括海上舰船。