Prime Minister Viktor Orban of Hungary, a lodestar for MAGA culture warriors and right-wing populists in Europe, conceded defeat on Sunday in a general election, breaking the momentum of a global nationalist revival promoted by President Trump.

周日，被MAGA文化斗士和欧洲右翼民粹主义者奉为指路明灯的匈牙利总理维克托·欧尔班承认败选，打断了特朗普总统推动的全球民族主义复兴的势头。

In a surprisingly early and gracious concession speech in Budapest, Mr. Orban congratulated the opposition saying, “The responsibility and opportunity to govern were not given to us.” But, he also made a vow: “We are not giving up. Never, never, never.”

在布达佩斯，欧尔班出人意料地早早发表了败选演讲，而且语气谦和。他向反对派表示祝贺，说道：“治理国家的责任和机会没有交给我们。”但他同时发誓：“我们不会放弃。永不，永不，永不。”

His defeat paves the way for Peter Magyar, a former Orban loyalist and the leader of the main opposition party, to take over as Hungary’s prime minister once the newly elected Parliament meets.

他的失败为彼得·毛焦尔的当选铺平了道路。这位前欧尔班忠实支持者和主要反对党领袖将在新一届议会召开后接任匈牙利总理。

“We have done it,” Mr. Magyar told a cheering crowd gathered with flags on the bank of the River Danube. “We have liberated Hungary and have taken back our country.” Sunday’s vote was widely seen as showdown between friends and foes of liberal democracy, a cause that Mr. Orban has battled against for years to applause from his fans in the United States, Europe and Latin America. The race was closely watched by the Trump administration and the Kremlin, both of which wanted Mr. Orban to win and both of which offered support in his campaign.

“我们做到了，”毛焦尔对多瑙河畔手持国旗欢呼的人群说。“我们解放了匈牙利，夺回了我们的国家。”周日的投票被广泛视为自由主义民主的支持者与反对者之间的对决。多年来，欧尔班一直与自由主义民主为敌，并因此赢得了美国、欧洲和拉丁美洲粉丝的掌声。这场选举受到特朗普政府和克里姆林宫的密切关注，双方都希望欧尔班获胜，并在竞选中向他提供了支持。

The implications of the outcome extend far beyond Hungary’s borders. The next prime minister may help alter the course of the war in Ukraine, a neighbor that Mr. Orban has cast as an enemy of Hungary, and affect European security. And the results will be looked at by populists around the world who view the Hungarian leader as a model of success and of pugnacious defiance of the mainstream.

选举结果的影响远远超出匈牙利国界。新总理可能会改变乌克兰战争的走向——欧尔班曾将这个邻国描绘成匈牙利的敌人，并影响欧洲安全。世界各地的民粹主义者也将关注这一结果，他们视这位匈牙利领导人为成功的典范，和强硬反抗主流的榜样。

After the results, large crowds of mostly young people thronged the banks of the River Danube in front of the Parliament Building, cheering and waving Hungarian flags. Many were stunned by the speed and scale of the defeat of Mr. Orban, whose party won the four previous elections easily.

结果公布后，以年轻人为主的人群涌向多瑙河河岸的议会大厦前，欢呼并挥舞匈牙利国旗。许多人对欧尔班迅速且全面的失败感到震惊——他的政党在此前四次选举中都轻松获胜。

周日，在布达佩斯庆祝活动中燃放的烟花。

With 66 percent of votes counted, Mr. Magyar’s opposition party was on course to win 137 seats — more than a two-thirds majority. Mr. Orban’s party, Fidesz, was expected to win just 55.

在计票66%的情况下，毛焦尔领导的反对党有望赢得137个席位——超过三分之二多数。欧尔班的政党青民盟预计仅获得55席。

Shortly before polls closed, the electoral authorities said that more than 77 percent of registered voters had cast ballots, the highest turnout in a Hungarian election since the collapse of Communism in 1989 and the start of democracy.

投票结束前不久，选举管理部门宣布，超过77%的登记选民投了票，这是1989年共产主义崩溃、匈牙利开启民主以来的最高投票率。

“Thank You Hungary!” Mr. Magyar said in a brief message on Facebook, reporting that Mr. Orban had called to congratulate him.

“谢谢你，匈牙利！”毛焦尔在Facebook上发布简短消息称，并透露欧尔班已打电话向他表示祝贺。

During his 16 years in power, Mr. Orban remade Hungary in his own image, eliminating many checks and balances by stacking the judicial system and nominally independent agencies with Fidesz loyalists, and taking control of most news media outlets. He also worked to export his model of “illiberal democracy,” promoting himself as an invincible guru for followers across Europe and elsewhere.

在执政16年间，欧尔班按照自己的形象重塑了匈牙利。他通过将司法系统和名义上独立的机构塞满青民盟忠实支持者，消除了许多制衡机制，并控制了大部分新闻媒体。他还努力输出自己的“非自由主义式民主”模式，将自己塑造成欧洲乃至世界各地追随者心目中战无不胜的导师。

Long a thorn in the side of E.U. officials in Brussels, Mr. Orban has consistently blocked European assistance to Ukraine, worked to water down sanctions on Russia and presented Ukraine, not Russia, as the principal threat to Europe’s security.

长期以来，欧尔班一直是布鲁塞尔欧盟官员的眼中钉。他一贯阻挠欧盟对乌克兰的援助，努力弱化对俄罗斯的制裁，并将乌克兰而非俄罗斯描述为欧洲安全的主要威胁。

周日，议会选举部分结果公布后，反对党蒂萨党领袖彼得·毛焦尔在布达佩斯。

Those positions made him an invaluable ally for the Russian president, Vladimir V. Putin. Mr. Putin, hoping to help Mr. Orban’s chances in the election, assured him last month that Hungary could rely on steady deliveries of Russian oil and gas despite disruptions to global energy supplies caused by the war in Iran.

这些立场使他成为俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京的宝贵盟友。上个月，为帮助欧尔班提升胜选机会，普京向他保证，尽管伊朗战争导致全球能源供应中断，匈牙利仍可依靠稳定的俄罗斯石油和天然气供应。

Despite his country’s small size and population of fewer than 10 million people, Mr. Orban, 62, has played an outsize role on the world stage, inspiring and, in some cases, funding like-minded political forces abroad. He became the standard-bearer for right-wing politicians committed to “family values” and “Western civilization” against what he has denounced as degenerate, multicultural liberals.

尽管匈牙利国土面积小、人口不足1000万，但现年62岁的欧尔班在国际舞台上扮演了超乎寻常的角色。他激励并在某些情况下资助国外志同道合的政治力量。他成为右翼政客的旗手，这些政客致力于捍卫“家庭价值观”和“西方文明”，反对他所谴责的堕落的多元文化自由主义。

While sharing some of Mr. Orban’s views on the importance of national sovereignty and the dangers of “woke ideology,” the opposition leader, Mr. Magyar, a lawmaker in the European Parliament and divorced father of three, won votes for Tisza by promising drastic change, though he was often vague on the specifics.

虽然反对党领袖毛焦尔在国家主权重要性和“觉醒意识形态”的危险性上与欧尔班有一些共同观点，但他通过承诺彻底变革为蒂萨党赢得选票，尽管他在具体细节上常常语焉不详。毛焦尔是欧洲议会议员，离异，有三个孩子。

On one issue he has been unequivocal. Mr. Magyar, 45, promised voters a clean break with the endemic corruption that has enriched the prime minister’s family and friends and helped saddle Hungary with the slowest-growing economy in the region. Hungary, according to an annual ranking by Transparency International, is the most corrupt country in the European Union.

在一个问题上，他态度明确。45岁的毛焦尔向选民承诺，与长期存在的腐败彻底决裂——这种腐败让总理的家人和朋友致富，却使匈牙利成为该地区经济增长最慢的国家。根据透明国际的年度排名，匈牙利是欧盟中最腐败的国家。

Eager to reach beyond Budapest liberals, who have loathed Mr. Orban for years, Mr. Magyar stayed far away from issues dear to progressives like L.G.B.T. rights. He campaigned mainly on his biggest asset: he is not Viktor Orban. The prospect of change, no matter in what direction, underpinned much of his support.

为了触及布达佩斯自由派——他们多年来一直厌恶欧尔班——以外的群体，毛焦尔刻意远离进步派所珍视的议题，如LGBT权利。他的竞选主要依靠最大的资产：他不是维克托·欧尔班。无论变革方向如何，“改变”的前景支撑了他的大部分支持。

The election delivered a major blow to Europe’s longest-serving government leader, and to those who look to him for inspiration and funding.

此次选举对欧洲任职时间最长的政府领导人，以及那些视他为鼓舞和资金来源的人，是一次重大打击。

Despite pressure from the European Union, whose rules he has persistently defied, Mr. Orban has been dogged in pursuing the goal he set in 2014 of “constructing in Hungary an illiberal state, a non-liberal state.”

尽管不断受到欧盟的压力——欧尔班向来拒不遵守其规则，他仍在顽固地追求2014年设定的目标：“在匈牙利建设一个反自由主义的、非自由主义的国家。”

Since then, Hungary has slid steadily down global rankings for personal and economic liberty, corruption and press freedom, becoming the first member of the European Union to drop from “free” to “partly free” in a 2019 ranking compiled by Freedom House.

自那以来，匈牙利在个人自由、经济自由、腐败和新闻自由的全球排名中持续下滑。2019年，自由之家发布的排名中，匈牙利成为第一个从“自由”降为“部分自由”的欧盟成员国。

Hungary, under Fidesz, established a host of research centers and other bodies offering well-paid work to American and other foreign conservatives who say they have been discriminated against in their home countries because of their views. It also hosted an annual conference in Budapest of the U.S. Conservative Political Action Committee, a fiesta of “anti-woke” speeches by right-wing politicians and pundits from around the world.

在青民盟执政下，匈牙利设立了一系列研究中心和其他机构，为那些声称因观点而在本国遭受歧视的美国和其他外国保守派提供高薪职位。它还在布达佩斯主办美国保守派政治行动委员会的年度会议，成为来自世界各地的右翼政客和评论员发表“反觉醒”演讲的盛会。

Mr. Magyar, speaking in Budapest soon after polls closed, declared himself “cautiously optimistic,” despite what he said had been “thousands of reports” of election tampering.

投票结束后不久，毛焦尔在布达佩斯发表讲话，称自己“谨慎乐观”，尽管他表示收到了“数千起”选举舞弊的报告。

“Even in the smallest township,” he said, “people have seen that this cruel, inhumane power is finished and Hungary will once again become a free country.”

“即使在最小的乡镇，”他说，“人们也看到，这个残酷、不人道的政权已经结束，匈牙利将再次成为一个自由的国家。”