President Biden began what is likely to be his last summit with global leaders as commander in chief on Monday, pushing for even stronger support of Ukraine despite the looming uncertainty of how President-elect Donald J. Trump might undo his efforts.

周一，拜登总统开始了可能是他作为三军统帅与全球领导人参加的最后一次峰会，他仍在推动为乌克兰提供更有力的支持，尽管一种不确定性正渐渐靠近：候任总统特朗普可能会让他的一切努力白费。

Just before the Group of 20 summit began in Rio de Janeiro, Mr. Biden authorized the first use of U.S.-supplied long-range missiles by Ukraine for strikes inside Russia, U.S. officials said.

美国官员表示，就在20国集团峰会在里约热内卢召开之前，拜登首次授权乌克兰使用美国提供的远程导弹对俄罗斯境内进行打击。

The decision reflected a sense of urgency to cement Mr. Biden’s legacy on one of his presidency’s biggest foreign policy challenges. Mr. Biden and his aides are in a race against time as they seek to bolster Ukraine before Mr. Trump — who has been highly critical of aid to Ukraine — takes power.

这一决定反映了拜登的紧迫感，他希望巩固自己在总统任期内最大外交政策挑战上留下的遗产。拜登和助手们正在与时间赛跑，试图在严厉批评援助乌克兰的特朗普上台之前支持这个国家。

At the start of the G20 summit on Monday, Mr. Biden used one of his final moments on the global stage to encourage more world leaders to assist Ukraine.

在周一的20国集团峰会开始时，利用他在全球舞台上的最后时刻之一，拜登鼓励更多的世界领导人援助乌克兰。

“The United States strongly supports Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity,” Mr. Biden said during an event on hunger and poverty with world leaders including Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov. “Everyone around this table in my view should as well.”

“美国坚决支持乌克兰的主权和领土完整，”拜登在世界领导人就饥饿和贫困问题举行的一次活动上说，俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫也出席了这次会议。“在我看来，在座的每个人都应该这么做。”

But while Mr. Biden’s authorization of long-range weapons may help Ukrainian troops under fire in western Russia in the short-term, his decision was unlikely to change the trajectory of the war, according to American officials and military analysts.

不过，美国官员和军事分析人士表示，尽管拜登的远程武器授权可能会在短期内帮助在俄罗斯西部受到攻击的乌克兰军队，但他的决定不太可能改变战争的轨迹。

The Ukrainian military now has a limited supply of the missiles. Firing a small number at targets in Russia would not make much of a difference to the overall war, analysts said.

乌克兰军方现在的导弹供应有限。分析人士表示，向俄罗斯境内的目标发射少量导弹不会对整个战争产生太大影响。

But the missiles, known as ATACMS, could serve as a deterrent, discouraging North Korea from further assisting Russia.

但是，这种被称为ATACMS的导弹可以起到威慑作用，阻止朝鲜进一步帮助俄罗斯。

“These ATACMS aren’t going to turn the tide of battle in Kursk,” John J. Sullivan, a former U.S. ambassador to Russia during the Trump and Biden administrations, said on Monday at the Council on Foreign Relations. “But it’s a step in the right direction.”

“这些ATACMS不会扭转库尔斯克的战局，”在特朗普和拜登政府期间担任美国驻俄罗斯大使的约翰·沙利文周一在外交关系委员会上说。“但这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。”

As Mr. Biden slowly deliberated the decision over the long-range weapons, Russia was also preparing.

当拜登慢慢斟酌关于远程武器的决定时，俄罗斯也在进行准备。

Russia has moved most of its attack planes that fire long-range missiles and drop bombs to locations outside the range of the U.S.-supplied weapons, according to U.S. intelligence and defense officials.

据美国情报和国防官员称，俄罗斯已将其大部分发射远程导弹和投掷炸弹的战斗机转移到美国提供的武器射程之外的地方。

The decision to allow the use of long-range strikes inside Russia stood in contrast to the more cautious approach Mr. Biden has taken on the war up to now.

允许对俄罗斯境内进行远程打击的决定与拜登此前在战争问题上更为谨慎的态度形成了鲜明对比。

Since the war started more than two years ago, Mr. Biden has sent billions of dollars in military aid to Ukraine to help repel Russia, but repeatedly hesitated when it came to offensive weapons, worried about provoking a wider conflict.

自两年多前战争爆发以来，拜登已向乌克兰提供了数十亿美元的军事援助，以帮助击退俄罗斯，但在进攻性武器方面，他一再犹豫不决，担心会引发更广泛的冲突。

Several Republican lawmakers and some Democrats had been calling on Mr. Biden to give Ukraine broader latitude to use them.

几位共和党议员和一些民主党议员一直在呼吁拜登给乌克兰更广泛的使用权。

“Should he have done it before? Absolutely,” said William B. Taylor Jr., a former U.S. ambassador to Ukraine. “It’s taken far too long for this decision to come. But I hope it’s not too late.”

“他是不是早就应该这样做？当然，”前美国驻乌克兰大使小威廉·泰勒说。“做出这个决定花了太长时间。但我希望现在还不算太晚。”

A Slow Deliberation

缓慢的斟酌

Mr. Biden’s aides have said in the past that rallying allies to support Ukraine in the weeks after Russia’s invasion is among the prouder efforts of his presidency. His timely warnings that Mr. Putin was poised to invade also won him lasting appreciation in Ukraine, even as European nations and even Ukraine’s government remained skeptical that an all-out war was coming.

拜登的助手曾经表示，在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后的几周内，团结盟友支持乌克兰是拜登担任总统期间最值得骄傲的努力之一。他及时发出了普京准备入侵的警告，这也为他在乌克兰赢得了持久的赞赏，尽管当时欧洲国家甚至乌克兰政府都对全面战争的到来持怀疑态度。

But as the war ground on and the casualties mounted, views among Ukrainians hardened on Mr. Biden and his deliberative decision-making process. Ukrainians felt they were left in a long, cruel limbo with too few weapons to win the war and a lack of a diplomatic strategy to end the fighting.

但随着战争的持续和伤亡人数的增加，乌克兰人更加难以接受拜登及其审慎的决策过程。乌克兰人认为，他们陷入了漫长而残酷的困境，武器太少，无法赢得战争，也缺乏结束战斗的外交策略。

The White House has stressed its commitment to Ukraine, while also weighing concerns in the American intelligence community that Russian retaliation for authorizing long-range strikes would outweigh the benefits.

白宫强调了对乌克兰的承诺，同时也在权衡美国情报界的担忧，他们认为，一旦授权远程打击，俄罗斯将进行报复，届时造成的损失将超过收益。

But the recruitment of North Korean troops to help Russia in recent weeks has alarmed the administration and Mr. Biden’s decision also came the same day that Russia bombarded Ukraine’s power grid in one of the war’s largest attacks.

但最近几周，俄罗斯征募朝鲜军队助阵的做法让政府感到震惊，而就在拜登做出该决定的同一天，俄罗斯轰炸了乌克兰的电网，是开战以来规模最大的袭击之一。

Beside authorizing the long-range strikes, the Biden administration has been trying to move more quickly to provide military equipment and financial assistance for Ukraine already approved by Congress.

除了授权远程打击外，拜登政府一直在努力更快地向乌克兰提供已得到国会批准的军事装备和财政援助。

Writing in the sand

在沙滩上写字

Despite the last-ditch scramble, it was clear at the G20 summit that Mr. Biden’s strategy in Ukraine, like his broader foreign and domestic policy vision, could soon be a thing of the past.

尽管进行了最后的努力，但在20国集团峰会上，很明显，拜登在乌克兰的战略，就像他更广泛的外交和国内政策愿景一样，可能很快就会成为过去。

The move to empower Ukraine to attack deeper within Russia came in Mr. Biden’s final months in office, and was made with full awareness that U.S. foreign policy could soon be overhauled once Mr. Trump is in the White House.

在拜登任期的最后几个月里，他授权乌克兰在俄罗斯内部进行更深入攻击，而且他充分意识到，一旦特朗普入主白宫，美国的外交政策可能很快就会进行彻底改革。

While Mr. Biden has centered his presidency on defending U.S. allies, world leaders are well aware that Mr. Trump campaigned on an “America First” isolationist approach and has accused other nations of not contributing enough to security alliances.

虽然拜登在总统任期内一直致力于捍卫美国的盟友，但世界各国领导人都很清楚，特朗普在竞选时奉行“美国优先”的孤立主义方针，并指责其他国家对安全联盟的贡献不够。

Mr. Trump has also been deeply skeptical of U.S. aid to Ukraine and argued that its president, Volodymyr Zelensky, should have cut a deal and made concessions to Russia.

特朗普还对美国向乌克兰提供的援助深表怀疑，认为乌克兰总统泽连斯基应该达成协议，向俄罗斯让步。

Mr. Trump’s return to the White House is undoubtedly hanging over the meeting in Rio, said Josh Lipsky, the senior director for the Atlantic Council’s GeoEconomics Center.

大西洋理事会地缘经济中心高级主任乔希·利普斯基表示，特朗普重返白宫这件事无疑笼罩着整个里约会议。

“Even before the election, for the past year this outcome was on every leader’s mind,” Mr. Lipsky said. “The primary focus for the U.S. is to show the rest of the world that this forum matters and the U.S. will remain engaged.”

“甚至在大选之前，在过去的一年里，每个领导人都在思考这个结果，”利普斯基说。“美国的主要重点是向世界其他国家表明，这个论坛很重要，美国将继续参与。”

World leaders are moving on

世界领导人在向前看

Mr. Biden’s Latin America trip, which included a summit in Peru and a tour of the Amazon, amounted to one last diplomatic push of his foreign policy agenda — even as many of the participants shifted focus. Some of the world leaders who met with Mr. Biden during his diplomatic swan song seemed to already be looking to the next chapter.

拜登的拉丁美洲之行包括秘鲁峰会和亚马孙之行，这是他外交政策议程中最后一次外交努力，尽管许多与会者转移了焦点。在拜登外交生涯的最后时刻，与他会面的一些世界领导人似乎已经开始展望下一篇章。

“China is ready to work with the new U.S. administration to maintain communication, expand cooperation and manage differences,” China’s leader, Xi Jinping said at the beginning of his meeting with Mr. Biden in Peru.

中国领导人习近平在秘鲁会见拜登时，在一开始就表示：“中方愿同美国政府继续保持对话、拓展合作、管控分歧。”

The G20 summit also comes at a time when some U.S. allies, including Brazil itself, appear to be strengthening other global partnerships to offer a counterweight to the West, including the BRICS alliance of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, which recently added Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates as members.

G20峰会召开之际，包括巴西在内的一些美国盟友似乎正在加强其他全球伙伴关系，以制衡西方，其中包括由巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非组成的金砖国家联盟，伊朗、埃及、埃塞俄比亚和阿拉伯联合酋长国最近也加入了该联盟。

Brazil’s president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, planned to meet with Mr. Xi during the summit amid heightened competition between the U.S. and China for economic influence in regions like South America.

巴西总统卢拉计划在峰会期间与习近平会面，因为美国和中国在南美等地区争夺经济影响力的竞争正在加剧。

Mr. Biden acknowledged his lame-duck status during brief remarks in the Amazon rainforest on Sunday as he traveled from Lima, Peru to the G20 summit.

周日，从秘鲁利马前往20国集团峰会的拜登在亚马孙雨林发表简短讲话时承认了自己的“跛脚鸭”身份。

“It’s no secret, that I’m leaving office in January,” Mr. Biden said, declining to mention Mr. Trump by name. “I will leave my successor and my country a strong foundation to build on, if they choose to do so.”

“我将在明年1月卸任，这不是秘密，”拜登说，但他拒绝提及特朗普的名字。“我将给我的继任者和我的国家留下一个坚实的基础去建设，如果他们选择这样做的话。”

中国领导人习近平周六在利马与拜登会面。