The Trump administration on Thursday said it would halt Harvard University’s ability to enroll international students, taking aim at a crucial funding source for the nation’s oldest and wealthiest college in a major escalation of the administration’s efforts to pressure the elite school to fall in line with the president’s agenda.

特朗普政府周四表示，将终止哈佛大学招收国际学生的资质，此举旨在切断这所美国历史最悠久、财力最雄厚大学的关键资金来源，标志着美国政府为迫使这所精英学府服从总统议程而采取的施压行动大幅升级。

The administration notified Harvard about the decision — which could affect about a quarter of the school’s student body — after a back-and-forth in recent weeks over the legality of a sprawling records request as part of the Department of Homeland Security’s investigation, according to three people with knowledge of the negotiations. The people spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the matter publicly.

据三名了解谈判情况的人士透露，在最近几周，作为国土安全部调查的一部分，政府就一项庞大的记录调阅请求的合法性进行了反复讨论，之后，政府将这一决定通知了哈佛大学——这可能会影响该校大约四分之一的学生群体。由于无权公开讨论相关事宜，这三人要求在文中匿名。

The latest move intensifies the administration’s attempt to upend the culture of higher education by directly subverting the ability of one of the nation’s premier universities to attract the best and brightest students from all over the world. That capability, across all of academia, has long been one of the greatest sources of academic, economic and scientific strength in America.

这一最新举措将直接削弱美国一流大学吸引全世界最优秀、最聪明的学生的能力，让政府颠覆高等教育文化的企图更进一步。长久以来，这种汇聚天下英才的能力正是美国学术、经济和科学实力的主要来源之一。

It is also likely to prompt a second legal challenge from Harvard, according to another person familiar with the school’s thinking who insisted on anonymity to discuss private deliberations. The university sued the Trump administration last month over the government’s attempt to impose changes to its curriculum, admissions policies and hiring practices.

据另一位熟悉哈佛校方想法的消息人士透露，此举很可能促使哈佛大学再次发起法律诉讼。由于涉及内部讨论，该人士坚持要求匿名。上个月，哈佛大学已就联邦政府试图强制其修改课程设置、招生政策及聘用制度起诉特朗普政府。

“I am writing to inform you that effective immediately, Harvard University’s Student and Exchange Visitor Program certification is revoked,” a letter to the university from Kristi Noem, the homeland security secretary, said. A copy of the letter was obtained by The New York Times.

国土安全部部长克里斯蒂·诺姆在致哈佛的信中写道：“我特此通知，哈佛大学的学生和访问学者项目认证即日起撤销。”《纽约时报》获得了这封信的副本。

The Department of Homeland Security said the action applied to current and future students.

国土安全部表示，这一措施适用于现有和未来的国际学生。

“Harvard can no longer enroll foreign students, and existing foreign students must transfer or lose their legal status,” the department said in a news release after Ms. Noem posted the administration’s letter on social media later on Thursday.

诺姆周四晚些时候在社交媒体上发布了这封信，国土安全部随后在一份新闻稿中说：“哈佛大学不能再招收外国学生，现有的外国学生必须转学，否则将失去合法身份。”

About 6,800 international students attended Harvard in the 2024-25 school year, or roughly 27 percent of the student body, according to university enrollment data. That was up from 19.7 percent in 2010-11.

根据哈佛大学的招生数据，2024–25学年约有6800名国际学生在哈佛就读，约占学生总数的27%。这一比例高于2010–11学年的19.7%。

The administration’s decision is likely to have a significant effect on the university’s bottom line. Tuition at Harvard is $59,320 for the 2025-26 school year, and costs can rise to nearly $87,000 when room and board are included. International students tend to pay larger shares of education costs compared with other students. (Harvard notes it is need-blind for all students, regardless of nationality.)

政府的决定可能对该校的财务状况产生重大影响。哈佛2025–26学年学费为59320美元，加上食宿可能接近87,000美元。与其他学生相比，国际学生通常承担更高比例的教育费用（哈佛校方强调其“免于经济考量”的录取原则适用于所有学生，不考虑国际因素）。

A spokesman for Harvard called the administration’s action “unlawful.”

哈佛大学发言人谴责政府此举“不合法”。

“We are fully committed to maintaining Harvard’s ability to host our international students and scholars, who hail from more than 140 countries and enrich the university — and this nation — immeasurably,” said Jason Newton, the university’s director of media relations. “We are working quickly to provide guidance and support to members of our community. This retaliatory action threatens serious harm to the Harvard community and our country, and undermines Harvard’s academic and research mission.”

哈佛大学媒体关系主任杰森·纽顿表示：“我们坚决捍卫哈佛接纳国际学生与学者的权利。他们来自140多个国家，极大地丰富了哈佛大学和这个国家。我们正迅速采取行动，为受影响群体提供指导与支持。这一报复行动将对哈佛社群乃至整个美国造成严重伤害，更将动摇哈佛的学术和研究使命。”

The federal student visa program is overseen by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, which is part of Ms. Noem’s department. The agency is responsible for vetting international students — and certifying universities, community colleges and high schools that participate.

联邦学生签证项目由移民和海关执法局监管，该机构隶属于诺姆领导的国土安全部。该机构负责审核国际学生，并对参与的大学、社区学院和高中进行认证。

Federal regulations stipulate how and why a school’s certification can be revoked. One way is the failure to comply with specific reporting requirements, a rule Ms. Noem’s letter mentioned. Harvard has maintained that what Ms. Noem had asked for exceeded what is required by law.

联邦监管规则规定了撤销学校认证的方式和理由。诺姆的信函提到，其中一条理由是未能遵守特定报告要求。哈佛则坚称，诺姆的要求超出了法律规定的范围。

“This is unprecedented,” said Andrea Flores, who was a D.H.S. official under President Barack Obama and is now the vice president of immigration policy at FWD.us, an immigration advocacy group. “D.H.S. has never tried to reshape the student body of a university by revoking access to its vetting systems, and it is unique to target one institution over hundreds that it certifies every year.”

“此举史无前例，”曾担任奥巴马政府国土安全部官员、现任移民倡导组织FWD.us移民政策副总裁的安德烈亚·弗洛雷斯表示。“国土安全部从未通过将学校逐出其资质认证系统来重塑其学生构成，在每年涉及数百所院校的认证中单独针对某一所高校更是绝无仅有。”

Leo Gerden, a senior at Harvard from Stockholm who has been a staunch advocate on campus for international students, said he was devastated by the news.

来自斯德哥尔摩的哈佛大四学生里奥·格登一直是校园内国际学生权益的坚定倡导者。他表示，这一消息令他感到震惊。

“Without its international students and without its ability to bring in the best people from around the world, Harvard is not going to be Harvard anymore,” said Mr. Gerden, who graduates next week.

“没有了国际学生，失去了从全球吸引最优秀人才的能力，哈佛将不再是哈佛，”将于下周毕业的格登说道。

“The Trump administration is using us as poker chips right now,” he added. “It is extremely dangerous.”

“特朗普政府正在把我们当成牌局里的筹码，”他补充道，“这种做法极其危险。”

Harvard has been praised for fighting back against President Trump and his administration, and legal experts have said the school has a strong case to get back the federal funding for its research that the administration stripped from the school.

哈佛大学因对抗特朗普总统及其政府而广受赞誉，法律专家表示，该校有充分的法律依据拿回被政府剥夺的联邦研究经费。

But the administration’s move is the latest example of why senior Harvard officials have been privately concerned that they are in the midst of an untenable crisis as the administration continues to target the school with onerous investigations and extensive funding cuts.

但政府的举措再次证明哈佛高层私下里所担心的事：随着政府持续以繁重的调查和大规模资金削减为手段针对该校，他们正陷入一场难以承受的危机。

Even if the Trump administration is forced to return research funding to Harvard, the university is contending with additional government-imposed burdens, like a recently opened investigation by the Justice Department into the school’s admission policies that includes a cumbersome records request.

即便特朗普政府最终被迫恢复哈佛的研究经费，这所名校仍面临更多政府强加的负担，譬如司法部最近针对其招生政策启动的调查，其中包含繁冗的档案调阅要求。

The decision from Ms. Noem on Thursday stemmed from a separate investigation her agency opened on April 16. In a letter to the school, she demanded a trove of information on student visa holders, saying that the college had “created a hostile learning environment for Jewish students.”

诺姆周四的决定源于她的机构于4月16日启动的另一项调查。她在致哈佛的信中要求提供大量国际学生签证持有者的信息，称该校“为犹太学生创造了一个充满敌意的学习环境”。

Her request included eight criteria, including the coursework for every international student and information on any student visa holder who had been involved in illegal activity.

她的调阅清单包含八项标准：既要求提供每个国际学生的课程作业，又要求上报涉及非法活动的国际学生签证持有者信息。

News of the investigation unnerved many students and alumni, and raised concerns among the university’s lawyers that the administration’s request went beyond data that the school was legally allowed to share, according to people familiar with the matter.

据知情人士透露，调查的消息令众多学生与校友感到不安，也引发校方法律团队的担忧——政府的要求已超出学校依法可共享的数据范围。

Harvard relayed those concerns to the administration on April 30. On the same day, the university’s executive vice president, Meredith Weenick, issued a public letter that vowed the school would provide the administration only with information “required by law” and urged students to “stay as focused as possible on your academic pursuits.”

4月30日，哈佛大学向政府转达了这些担忧。同一天，该校执行副校长梅雷迪斯·韦尼克发表公开信，誓言学校只会向政府提供“法律要求”的信息，并敦促学生“尽可能专注于学业”。

The administration responded the following week, notifying Harvard that the school’s response did not satisfy Ms. Noem’s request, the people said. In the same message, the administration appeared to narrow its request by asking for information on international students who met any one of four criteria.

知情人士称，政府在接下来的一周作出回应，告知哈佛，校方的回复未能满足诺姆的要求。在同一封信中，政府似乎缩小了信息调取范围，只要求提供符合四项条件中任何一项的国际学生的信息。

Last week, Harvard told the administration that only a few students met those qualifications and asked the government for additional clarification on one of the requests.

上周，哈佛告诉政府，只有极少数学生符合这些标准，并要求政府进一步澄清其中一项要求。

Then, on Thursday, Ms. Noem disqualified Harvard from the student visa program, explaining that her decision was because of the university’s “failure to comply with simple reporting requirements.”

随后，诺姆于本周四取消了哈佛大学的国际学生签证项目资格，并解释称，她的决定是因为该校“未能遵守简单的上报要求”。

She then expanded the list of criteria for student records to six, and gave Harvard 72 hours to comply.

随后，她将学生档案的调阅标准从四项增至六项，并勒令哈佛大学在72小时内完成。