International tourists detained at U.S. borders. Steep tariffs imposed on trade partners. Threats against longtime allies.

在美国边境拘留国际游客。对贸易伙伴征收高额关税。威胁对长期盟友采取行动。

The onslaught of contested policies and language by the Trump administration in recent weeks is causing tourists around the globe to either cancel or reconsider travel to the United States. A growing number of visitors say they feel unwelcome or unsafe and are reluctant to support the economy of a country that some foreign officials say is waging trade wars and destabilizing its allies. A draft of a new travel ban circulating through the administration could restrict citizens from up to 43 countries, including Belarus, Cambodia and St. Lucia, from entering the United States.

特朗普政府在最近几周的政策和言辞引发争议，导致全球游客纷纷取消或重新考虑前往美国的计划。越来越多的游客表示，他们感到不受欢迎或不安全，并且不愿支持一个一些外国官员认为正在进行贸易战并破坏盟友稳定的国家的经济。政府内部流传的一份草拟的新旅行禁令可能限制来自43个国家的公民进入美国，其中包括白俄罗斯、柬埔寨和圣卢西亚。

“So many Americans are looking to escape the tense and toxic atmosphere at home. Why would anyone want to visit, especially right now with all the arbitrary detentions at immigration?” said Mallory Henderson, 53, a marketing consultant in London who usually visits the United States twice a year, but canceled a trip to visit her brother and niece in Boston this Easter.

“这么多美国人都想逃离国内紧张和有毒的氛围。怎么还会有人想来，尤其是现在移民局任意拘留的情况下？”53岁的伦敦营销顾问马洛里·亨德森说道。她通常每年访问美国两次，但取消了今年复活节前往波士顿探望兄弟和侄女的行程。

“It’s a really hostile and scary time, and quite frankly, there’s plenty of other inviting and pleasant places I can go to meet up with my family,” she said.

她说：“这真是一个充满敌意和可怕的时刻，坦率地说，我可以去很多其他诱人和令人愉快的地方和家人团聚。”

Even before the change in administration in January, the U.S. travel industry was struggling to recover from the pandemic, mainly because of the strength of the dollar, which makes it more expensive for foreign travelers to visit, and long visa wait times. Inbound international visitor numbers were not expected to reach 2019 levels until later this year and foreign visitor spending is not projected to fully recover until 2026, according to the U.S. Travel Association.

即使在1月政府换届之前，美国旅游业就已经苦于难以在疫情后恢复过来，主要原因是美元走强导致外国游客的旅游成本增加，以及签证等待时间过长。据美国旅游协会称，入境国际游客人数预计要到今年晚些时候才能达到2019年的水平，外国游客的消费预计要到2026年才能完全恢复。

But those expectations may now be even harder to reach, travel experts say.

但旅游专家称，这些期望现在可能更难实现了。

The research firm Tourism Economics had originally forecast travel to the United States to grow by 9 percent this year, but in February, it updated its outlook, expecting inbound travel to decline by 5.1 percent and hotel demand to decline by 0.8 percent in 2025 — the equivalent of an $18 billion drop in spending. Much of the decline is the result of a boycott by Canadian travelers. In February, after President Trump announced tariffs on Canada, the number of Canadians driving across the border fell by 24 percent compared with the same period in 2024.

旅游经济研究公司最初预测今年赴美旅游将增长9%，但今年2月，该公司更新了其展望，预计2025年入境旅游将下降5.1%，酒店需求将下降0.8%——相当于减少180亿美元的消费。下降的主要原因是加拿大游客的抵制。今年2月，在特朗普总统宣布对加拿大征收关税后，驾车过境的加拿大人数量与2024年同期相比下降了24%。

Airlines are responding to the uncertainty. Some, including Delta Air Lines and American Airlines, cut their financial forecasts for the first few months of the year, citing softness in travel spending. Scott Kirby, the chief executive of United Airlines, said the carrier had reduced the frequency of numerous routes to Canada because of a “big drop in Canadian traffic” into the United States.

航空公司正在应对这种不确定性。包括达美航空和美国航空在内的一些航空公司下调了今年头几个月的财务预期，理由是旅游支出疲软。美国联合航空公司首席执行官斯科特·柯比说，由于加拿大飞往美国的客流量“大幅下降”，该公司已经减少了飞往加拿大的多条航线的班次。

“The negative sentiment shift is anticipated to be sustained by an evolving mix of Trump administration factors, including geopolitical friction on trade and national security policies, charged rhetoric and adversarial posturing,” said Adam Sacks, the president of Tourism Economics.

旅游经济公司总裁亚当·萨克斯表示：“特朗普政府的各种因素不断变化，包括贸易和国家安全政策方面的地缘政治摩擦、激烈的言论和敌对姿态，预计负面情绪的转变将持续下去。”

‘It Does Not Feel Right’

“感觉不太对”

Travel operators in Europe have not yet reported large waves of cancellations on the scale of Canada, where many residents are boycotting travel to the United States, but a growing number of travelers are rethinking their spring and summer plans. Eric Dresin, the secretary general of the European Travel Agents’ and Tour Operators’ Associations, said “turbulent times” are expected, particularly if more countries are affected by U.S. policy changes.

欧洲的旅行社尚未报告像加拿大那样大规模的行程取消潮，后者的许多居民正在抵制前往美国旅行，但越来越多的欧洲旅行者正在重新考虑他们的春夏季计划。欧洲旅行社和旅游经营者协会秘书长埃里克·德雷辛说，预计将出现“动荡时期”，尤其是如果更多国家受到美国政策变化的影响的话。

Arrivals into the United States from Western Europe fell by one percent in February after increasing by 14 percent the same period last year, according to preliminary data from the U.S. National Travel and Tourism Office.

美国国家旅行和旅游局的初步数据显示，从西欧抵达美国的游客人数在今年2月下降了1%，而去年同期则增长了14%。

搭乘连接皇后区贾马伊卡和肯尼迪国际机场的AirTrain专线来到纽约市的旅客。一些纽约企业担心加拿大和欧洲游客数量可能会减少。

Christoph Bartel, 28, a German citizen who lives in Norway, had planned a trip to Arizona this summer to visit national parks. He canceled his plans last week in response to the Trump administration’s firing of national park employees and reversal of environmental regulations.

28岁的克里斯托夫·巴特尔是居住在挪威的德国公民，他原计划今年夏天前往亚利桑那州游览国家公园。由于特朗普政府解雇国家公园员工并撤销环境监管，他上周取消了行程。

“It does not feel right to support the American economy when the president is causing so much sabotage,” Mr. Bartel said. “It is disappointing to abandon a special trip we planned for months, but we will go to Canada or Mexico instead.”

“在总统大搞破坏的情况下，这种时候去支持美国经济，感觉不太对，”他说。“放弃计划了几个月的特别旅行令人失望，但我们将改去加拿大或墨西哥。”

After Canada and Mexico, Britain supplies the largest number of visitors to the United States, with nearly four million last year. Travel agencies are seeing a split among those clients who frequently visit the United States and are not being deterred by the political climate, and those who are looking for alternative destinations in response to the policy changes.

在加拿大和墨西哥之后，英国是向美国输送游客最多的国家，去年接近400万人次。旅行社发现，常去美国的客户中出现了一种分化，一部分并未受到政治气候的影响，继续前往美国，而另一部分则因为政策变化而寻求其他目的地。

The sheer expense of visiting the United States in the wake of the pandemic also appears to be taking a toll.

疫情过后，访美旅行的支出总体上似乎也受到了冲击。

“America was always thought of as a really good value,” said Alan Wilson, the managing director of Bon Voyage Travel & Tours, a British company specializing in trips to the United States and Canada. Along with the strength of the dollar, prices of hotels have also been going up, and steep tips are a problem for many visitors.

“美国过去一直被认为是性价比高的目的地，”一家专门从事美国和加拿大旅游的英国公司Bon Voyage Travel & Tours的总经理艾伦·威尔逊说。随着美元走强，酒店价格也不断上涨，而且昂贵的小费成为了许多游客的困扰。

“The British market absolutely hates the 20 percent tipping culture and how America always has its hand held out for the next gratuity,” he said. “They would rather pay the money up front.”

“英国市场非常厌恶20%的小费文化，厌恶美国总是一遍又一遍伸出手来要求打赏，”他说。“他们宁愿一开始就支付所有费用。”

The Crunch Is Hurting

游客的减少正带来伤害

In places like New York, Florida and California, the crunch is being felt by small travel businesses, which were optimistic that 2025 would bring growth. Luke Miller, the owner of the family-run company Real New York Tours, said his business was being decimated after droves of mainly Canadian visitors canceled following Mr. Trump’s announcement on tariffs.

在纽约、佛罗里达和加利福尼亚等地，游客的减少正在影响小型旅行企业，这些企业曾乐观地认为2025年将带来增长。家族企业“纯正纽约之旅”的老板卢克·米勒说，特朗普宣布加征关税后，大批以加拿大游客为主的旅行团取消了行程，他的生意因此一落千丈。

“I just had 20 busloads of seniors cancel their upcoming tours. That’s thousands of dollars of losses for my small business,” Mr. Miller said, adding that he is receiving cancellations as far out as the winter holiday season and has no bookings from Europeans this summer, his second biggest market after Canada. He called the situation “heart-wrenching.”

“刚刚有20辆大巴车的老年人取消了他们的行程，这对我的小生意来说意味着几千几万的损失，”米勒说，他还说，他已经收到了甚至远到冬季节日的取消，而且今年夏天没有来自欧洲的预订，那是仅次于加拿大的第二大市场。他称眼下的情形“令人痛心”。

Major destinations like New York and California are ramping up marketing efforts to reassure international tourists that they are welcome. Visit California, the state’s tourism agency, revised its overall projections for 2025 visitor spending this month to $160 billion from $166 billion, following the slowdown in the growth of international travelers and the devastating wildfires in Los Angeles in January.

纽约和加利福尼亚等主要旅游目的地正在加大营销力度，向国际游客保证他们是受欢迎的。在国际游客增长放缓以及1月洛杉矶发生毁灭性野火之后，加利福尼亚州官方旅游机构“探访加利福尼亚”将2025年游客消费的整体预期从1660亿美元下调至1600亿美元。

圣地亚哥市中心的景色。美国的一些旅游目的地在加大宣传力度，希望让游客看到它们开门迎客的热情，加州就是其中之一。

“The good news is, thanks to California’s strong brand on the global stage, international visitors continue to show a strong affinity for the Golden State,” Caroline Beteta, the agency’s president, said in a statement.

该机构总裁卡罗琳·贝特塔在一份声明中表示：“好消息是，得益于本州在全球舞台上的良好品牌形象，国际游客继续对金州表现出强烈的好感。”

New York has had similar messaging. Addressing the expense of visiting the city, Julie Coker, the president of New York City Tourism+ Conventions, said it was possible to visit on a budget, and the marketing organization would highlight those opportunities.

纽约也发出了类似的信息。在谈到游览纽约的费用问题时，纽约市旅游+会展公司总裁朱莉·科克尔说，预算有限也可来纽约玩，该营销机构将强调这些机会。

“This is an excellent opportunity to highlight the other boroughs and parts of New York City outside of Manhattan that are just as vibrant and have amazing, award-winning culinary, arts and cultural experiences,” she said, adding that New York had faced obstacles before and is confident that it will be able to reach its goal of recovering international spending by 2026 despite the current challenges.

“这是一个绝佳的机会，可以凸显纽约市曼哈顿以外的其他地区，它们同样充满活力，拥有令人惊叹、屡获殊荣的美食、艺术和文化体验，”她说，此外她还说，纽约也曾面临过困难，尽管现在有一些挑战，但纽约有信心到2026年实现恢复国际游客消费的目标。

Mr. Miller of Real New York Tours is not convinced. He said that if bookings did not pick up this summer, he would have to consider laying off staff.

“纯正纽约之旅”的米勒对此不以为然。他说，如果今年夏天的预订量没有增加，他将不得不考虑裁员。

“The reality is that we are being hit the hardest and might not survive,” he said.

他说：“现实情况是，我们受到的冲击最大，可能会撑不下去。”