Chinese and American trade negotiators said on Sunday that they had agreed to a framework of a deal on tariffs and other issues ahead of an expected meeting of the countries’ top leaders this week.

中美贸易谈判代表周日表示，双方已就关税及其他问题达成一项协议框架，两国领导人预计将于本周举行会晤。

“We are moving forward to the final details of the type of agreement that the leaders can review and decide if they want to conclude together,” Jamieson Greer, the United States trade representative, said to reporters in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia’s capital.

“我们正在敲定最终协议的细节，让两国领导人可以审阅并决定是否要共同完成这项协议，”美国贸易代表贾米森·格里尔在马来西亚首都吉隆坡对记者表示。

He also said the two sides had also discussed another extension in a series of truces on tariffs they have engaged in this year.

他还表示，双方还讨论了再次延长今年达成的一系列关税停战协议。

China’s top trade negotiator, Li Chenggang, described the talks between the United States and China as “candid and in-depth discussions” on the trade deal, adding that the two sides had reached a “preliminary consensus.”

中国首席贸易谈判代表李成钢表示，美中双方就贸易协议进行了“深入、坦诚的讨论”，并称双方已达成“初步共识”。

The negotiators were in Kuala Lumpur for a meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, where President Trump began a nearly weeklong trip to Asia. He is expected to meet on Thursday with Xi Jinping, China’s top leader, at a separate economic meeting in South Korea.

谈判代表们在吉隆坡出席东盟会议，美国总统特朗普也在此开启了他为期近一周的亚洲之行。预计他将于周四在韩国举行的另一个经济会议上与中国最高领导人习近平会面。

The variety of issues discussed in Kuala Lumpur included bilateral trade, export controls, reciprocal tariff extensions, fentanyl-related tariffs and cooperation on combating fentanyl trafficking, according to the Chinese side.

据中方介绍，在吉隆坡讨论的议题包括双边贸易、出口管制、延长对等关税暂停期、芬太尼关税和执法合作等。

Mr. Greer said that the negotiations had included rare earth metals, which are mostly produced in China and which are now subject to stringent export controls imposed this year by Beijing. “We talked about extending the truce, we talked about rare earths, of course, we talked about all kinds of topics,” he said.

格里尔表示，谈判还涉及稀土金属——绝大部分稀土金属由中国生产，北京今年已对其实施严格的出口管制。“我们讨论了延长贸易休战，当然也讨论了稀土，我们谈到了各种各样的议题，”他说。

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told ABC’s “This Week” that he anticipated a “fantastic meeting” between President Trump and Xi Jinping, China’s top leader, in South Korea later this week. The framework agreed to by American and Chinese officials, which include agricultural purchases and fentanyl-related tariffs, will act as something of a “pregame” for the meeting, he said.

美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特在接受ABC《本周》节目采访时表示，他预计特朗普总统与中国最高领导人习近平于本周晚些时候将在韩国举行一次“极好的会晤”。他表示，美中官员达成的框架协议包括农产品采购和芬太尼相关关税，将在某种程度上作为此次会晤的“预热”。

“The president had given me maximum leverage when he threatened 100 percent tariffs if the Chinese imposed their rare earth global export controls,” Mr. Bessent said. “I think we have averted that, so the tariffs will be averted.”

“总统警告中国若实施稀土全球出口管制，他将征收100%的关税，这给了我最大的谈判筹码，”贝森特说。“现在看来这个威胁已经化解，加征关税的措施得以避免。”

Asked what concessions China was willing to make on rare earth minerals, Mr. Bessent said he expected China would “delay that for a year while they re-examine it.”

当被问及中国在稀土矿物问题上愿意作出的让步时，贝森特表示，他预计中国将“推迟一年执行这些措施，同时重新审视相关政策”。

The discussions also included steep port fees that the United States recently imposed on ships that were built in China or are owned by Chinese companies. China has retaliated by putting tariffs on American-built ships — few are left on international routes — and on ships partly or entirely owned by American companies or investors.

会谈内容还包括了美国最近对在中国建造或由中国公司拥有的船只征收的高额港口费。中国则采取报复措施，对美国建造的船只——目前仍在国际航线上运营的已所剩无几——以及部分或全部由美国公司或投资者拥有的船只征收关税。

Both sides were careful to suggest that they did not have a final deal.

双方都谨慎地表示，他们尚未达成最终协议。

“China and the United States constructively explored a plan for appropriately dealing with some of the concerns of both sides,” Mr. Li said. He added, “The next step is for each side to fulfill their respective domestic approval procedures.”

“双方就妥善解决彼此关注的多项重要经贸议题形成初步共识，”李成钢说。他还表示，“下一步将履行各自国内批准程序。”

Mr. Li’s reference to “internal approval procedures” used a Chinese term that could be construed as signaling that administrative steps may be planned. China’s Ministry of Commerce issued extensive export regulations on Oct. 9 that immediately halted any further transfer out of China of the technology needed to process rare earth metals.

李成钢提到的“国内批准程序”可以被解读为计划采取行政措施。中国商务部于10月9日发布了范围广泛的出口新规，立即停止了任何进一步从中国输出稀土金属加工技术的行为。

Rare earth metals are essential to a wide range of advanced manufacturing, including the production of cars, semiconductors, drones, factory robots and offshore wind turbines, as well as missiles, fighter jets, tanks and other military equipment. China produces 90 percent of the world’s refined rare earths and rare earth magnets, and up to 100 percent of some kinds of rare earths that are particularly needed for the most cutting-edge technologies and military applications.

稀土金属对于各种先进制造至关重要，包括汽车、半导体、无人机、工业机器人、海上风力涡轮机，以及导弹、战斗机、坦克和其他军用装备的生产。中国生产了全球90%的精炼稀土及稀土磁铁，某些尖端技术和军事应用所需的稀土品类中，中国甚至占据了高达100%的产量。

China’s Ministry of Commerce has severely restricted exports of rare earths and rare earth magnets to countries all over the world since April 4. It ordered further export controls on Oct. 9 that are scheduled to take effect on Nov. 8 and Dec. 1. Those rules would limit any shipments across any country’s borders of products containing Chinese rare earth magnets. The rules would also limit exports of equipment to make electric car batteries, another sector in which China is trying to preserve its global technological leadership.

自4月4日以来，中国商务部已大幅限制向世界各国出口稀土及稀土磁铁。该部10月9日颁布进一步出口管制规定，计划于11月8日和12月1日生效。这些规定将限制含有中国稀土磁铁的产品跨境运输，也将限制制造电动车电池所需设备的出口——这一领域同样是中国试图保持全球技术领先地位的产业。

The new regulations would also limit exports of considerable equipment, like diamond saws, that are needed in the manufacturing of semiconductors and solar panels. Mr. Trump has threatened to impose 100 percent tariffs on goods from China if Beijing goes ahead with the export controls.

新规还将限制出口用于制造半导体和太阳能电池板的重要设备，例如金刚石锯片。特朗普威胁，若北京推进这些出口管制，将对来自中国的商品征收100%的关税。

Mr. Bessent echoed Mr. Greer and Mr. Li in cautiously portraying progress achieved in the Kuala Lumpur talks. “We have a very successful framework for the leaders to discuss,” he told reporters after the negotiations on Sunday.

和李成钢一样，贝森特与格里尔谨慎描述了吉隆坡谈判取得的进展。“我们为两国领导人之间的讨论奠定了一个非常成功的框架，”他在周日谈判结束后对记者说。