Jimmy Carter, who rose from Georgia farmland to become the 39th president of the United States on a promise of national healing after the wounds of Watergate and Vietnam, then lost the White House in a cauldron of economic turmoil at home and crisis in Iran, died on Sunday at his home in Plains, Ga. He was 100.

吉米·卡特周日在佐治亚州普莱恩斯的家中去世，享年100岁。卡特出身于佐治亚州的农场家庭，凭借让国家从水门事件和越南战争的创伤中恢复的承诺当选第39任美国总统，后来因国内经济动荡和伊朗危机而未能连任。

The Carter Center in Atlanta announced his death.

亚特兰大的卡特中心宣布了他去世的消息。

Mr. Carter, the longest-living president in American history, died nearly three months after he turned 100, becoming the first former commander in chief to reach the century mark. In August, his grandson Jason Carter told the Democratic National Convention in Chicago that the former president was “holding on.”

卡特是美国历史上最长寿的总统，约三个月前刚刚度过自己100岁的生日，成为第一位寿享期颐的前总统。今年8月，他的孙子杰森·卡特在芝加哥的民主党全国代表大会上表示，这位前总统“仍在坚持”。

“Though his body may be weak tonight, his spirit is as strong as ever,” he said, adding that Mr. Carter “can’t wait to vote for Kamala Harris.”

“此刻他的身体可能很虚弱，但他的精神一如既往地坚强，”他说，并补充说卡特“迫不及待地想要投票给贺锦丽”。

The former president cast his absentee ballot for her in mid-October after making his final public appearance on his birthday when he was rolled out to his yard in a wheelchair to watch a flyover of military jets in his honor. Other than interludes in the White House and the Georgia governor’s mansion, he and his wife, the former first lady Rosalynn Carter, lived in the same simple home in Plains for most of their adult lives and each of them passed away there, Mrs. Carter in November 2023.

这位前总统在生日当天最后一次公开露面，当时他坐在轮椅上被推到院子里，观看为他举行的军机通场仪式，随后他在10月中旬为贺锦丽投下他的缺席选票。除了白宫和佐治亚州州长官邸，他和他的妻子、前第一夫人罗莎琳·卡特成年后的大部分时间都住在普莱恩斯的一栋朴素的房子里，那也是两人的安息之所，卡特夫人于2023年11月去世。

A lifelong farmer who still worked with his hands building houses for the poor well into his 90s, Mr. Carter had long defied death and outlived not only his wife but his vice president, most of his cabinet, key aides and allies as well as the Republican president he defeated and the Republican challenger who later defeated him. Over the years, he beat back a series of health crises, including a bout with the skin cancer melanoma, which spread to his liver and brain, and repeated falls, one giving him a broken hip.

卡特一生从事农业劳作，直到90多岁还在亲手为穷人建造房屋，他长期与死亡抗争，不仅比他的妻子更长寿，也比他的副总统、大部分内阁成员、主要助手和盟友活得更久，而他当年击败的共和党总统，以及后来击败他的共和党挑战者，也都先于他去世。多年来，他挺过了一场又一场健康危机，包括一度扩散到了肝脏和大脑的黑色素瘤皮肤癌，以及反复的跌倒——其中一次摔断了他的髋骨。

The Carter Center announced in February 2023 that Mr. Carter, “after a series of short hospital stays,” had decided to forgo further life-prolonging medical treatment and would receive hospice care at home.

卡特中心于2023年2月宣布，卡特“在一系列短暂的住院治疗后”，决定放弃进一步延长生命的医学治疗，并将在家中接受临终关怀。

News that he seemed to be in his final days prompted a wave of tributes and remembrances of his extended and eventful life, but even then he upended expectations by hanging on for 22 months. He lived long enough to bid farewell to Mrs. Carter, who died at 96 culminating a marriage of 77 years.

他似乎已进入生命最后阶段的消息引发了一波对他漫长而跌宕起伏的一生的致敬和回忆，但即便在那之后，他还是坚持了22个月，突破了人们的预期。结果他活到了妻子身后，卡特夫人在96岁时去世，他们的婚姻存续了77年。

Mr. Carter’s death sets the stage for the first presidential funeral since that of George H.W. Bush in 2018. Such occasions traditionally prompt a cease-fire in America’s fractious political wars as the nation’s leaders pause to remember and bid farewell to one of their own. President Biden, who as a young senator supported Mr. Carter’s bid for the White House in 1976, visited the former president in Plains in 2021, three months after taking office.

卡特的去世意味着美国将举行自2018年乔治·H·W·布什以来的第一场总统葬礼。这样的场合传统上会促使美国激烈的政治战争停火，因为国家的领导人们会停下来缅怀和告别他们中的一员。拜登总统在1976年以年轻参议员的身份支持卡特竞选总统，2021年，他在自己就任总统三个月后前往普莱恩斯拜访了这位前总统。

With his peanut farmer’s blue jeans, his broad, toothy grin and his promise never to tell a lie, Mr. Carter was a self-professed outsider intent on reforming a broken Washington in an era of lost faith in government. He became one of his generation’s great peacemakers with his Camp David accords, bringing together Israel and Egypt, but he could not turn around a slumping economy or free American hostages seized by militants in Iran in time to win a second term.

穿着花生种植农夫的蓝色牛仔裤，露着灿烂的笑容，并承诺永远不说谎，卡特以自称的局外人身份进入华盛顿，决心在一个人们对政府失去信任的时代改革一个破碎的政治体系。他通过《戴维营协议》让以色列和埃及走到一起，从而成为他那一代的重要和平缔造者之一，但他未能扭转经济衰退，也未能及时解救被伊朗激进分子扣押的美国人质，从而错失连任机会。

While his presidency was remembered more for its failures than for its successes, his post-presidency was seen by many as a model for future chief executives. Rather than vanish from view or focus on moneymaking, he established the Carter Center to promote peace, fight disease and combat social inequality. He transformed himself into a freelance diplomat traveling the globe, sometimes irritating his successors but earning the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002.

虽然他的总统任期因失败多于成功而被铭记，但他卸任后的生活被许多人视为未来总统的榜样。他没有彻底隐退，也没有专注于赚钱，而是成立了“卡特中心”，以促进和平、抗击疾病和减少社会不平等。他转型为一名独立外交家，周游世界，有时会惹恼他的继任者，但他在2002年赢得了诺贝尔和平奖。

Mr. Carter was outspoken into his final years. He condemned the attack on the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, by a mob of President Donald J. Trump’s supporters trying to overturn Mr. Trump’s election defeat, and he denounced new voting limits subsequently passed by Republicans in Georgia. In an essay for The New York Times on the first anniversary of Jan. 6, he warned that “our great nation now teeters on the brink of a widening abyss” and called for changes to avoid “losing our precious democracy.”

直至生命的最后几年，卡特依然在多个问题上发声。对于2021年1月6日，由特朗普总统的支持者组成的暴徒试图推翻选举失败结果而袭击国会大厦的举动，他做出了谴责，并批评了随后由佐治亚州共和党通过的新投票限制。他在1月6日事件一周年时撰文发表于《纽约时报》，提醒人们“我们伟大的国家正处于扩大的深渊边缘”，并呼吁采取改革以避免“失去我们宝贵的民主”。

Long a favorite target for Republicans, Mr. Carter’s name came up repeatedly as a foil for Mr. Trump to mock Mr. Biden even after the incumbent president withdrew from this year’s race. “Jimmy Carter is the happiest man because Jimmy Carter is considered a brilliant president by comparison,” Mr. Trump said on Mr. Carter’s 100th birthday. Mr. Biden’s critics compared high inflation on his watch to the price increases of Mr. Carter’s presidency, and the fall of Afghanistan to the Iran hostage crisis.

长期以来，卡特一直是共和党喜欢攻击的目标。在现任总统拜登退出今年的竞选后，卡特的名字被特朗普多次提及，作为他嘲笑拜登的对比。“吉米·卡特是最幸福的人，因为与拜登相比，吉米·卡特被认为是个超棒的总统，”特朗普在卡特100岁生日时说。拜登的批评者将他任期内的高通胀与卡特总统时期的物价上涨相提并论，并将阿富汗的沦陷比作伊朗人质危机。

Mr. Carter went to Washington with an outsider’s promise to “drain the swamp” and make America great again four decades before Mr. Trump expressed those same aims. But the two could hardly have come from more different origins. Unlike the thrice-married New York playboy mogul with the flashy golf resorts and the private airliner, Mr. Carter grew up on a peanut farm with no electricity or running water. He was a frugal born-again Christian who taught Sunday school and was married to the same woman for more than three-quarters of a century.

40年前，早在特朗普表达类似的目标之前，卡特就带着“抽干沼泽”和“让美国再次伟大”的局外人承诺进入了华盛顿。但两人的出身却截然不同。与那位结婚三次、拥有华丽高尔夫度假村和私人飞机的纽约花花公子富商不同，卡特是在一个没有电和自来水的花生农场长大的。他是一位节俭的重生基督徒，曾在主日学校讲道，并与同一位女性携手度过了超过三分之二个世纪。

He was a man of the people, or so he wanted to be perceived. Minutes after his Inaugural Address in January 1977, he surprised the crowds lining Pennsylvania Avenue when he and Rosalynn Carter and their 9-year-old daughter, Amy, got out of the presidential limousine and walked the parade route to the White House, smiling and waving in the sunshine as spectators cheered.

他是一位人民的总统，或者他希望被这样看待。1977年1月的就职演说后不久，他与罗莎琳·卡特及他们9岁的女儿艾米从总统加长轿车中走出来，沿着宾夕法尼亚大道步行至白宫，在阳光的沐浴下微笑着向两旁欢呼的观众挥手。

Mr. Carter once said that he had gone to the capital to restore the country’s faith in itself after the twin traumas of Watergate and Vietnam — to build a “new foundation,” as he put it, of trust, decency and compassion.

卡特曾说，他来到首都是为了在水门事件和越南战争的双重创伤后恢复国家对自身的信心，用他的话说，要建立一个信任、庄重和同情的“新基础”。

Meeting that goal would have been hard enough without the intrusions of national and international crises. His four-year tenure was a story of distraction, disappointment and serial drama that came to an end only in the last tortured minutes of his presidency, with the release of Americans held hostage by Iranians for 444 days.

即使没有国内和国际危机的干扰，实现这一目标也已经足够困难了。他的四年任期充满了干扰、失望和接连不断的戏剧性事件，这一切直到他无比艰辛的总统任期的最后几分钟才得以告终——被伊朗人扣押444天的美国人质终于获释。