Since the founder of the Chinese artificial intelligence start-up DeepSeek shook hands with Xi Jinping, China’s top leader, last month, officials around the country have been racing to show how they are using the company’s technology.

自从中国的人工智能初创公司DeepSeek的创始人上个月与中国最高领导人习近平握手后，全国各地的官员都在争先恐后地展示他们是如何使用该公司的技术的。

Courthouse officials are using DeepSeek to draft legal judgments within minutes. Doctors at a hospital in Fuzhou, in eastern China, are using it to propose treatment plans. In Meizhou, a city in southern China, it is DeepSeek that answers a government help line.

使用DeepSeek，法官们几分钟就能起草出一份法律判决。在东部城市福州的一家医院，医生用它来制定治疗方案。在南方城市梅州，接听市民热线的是DeepSeek。

In Shenzhen, a city near Hong Kong, officials searching for people who had been reported missing or lost said they used DeepSeek to analyze surveillance video and were able to track them down in at least 300 instances.

在临近香港的城市深圳，负责搜寻被报失踪或走失人员的官员们表示，通过利用DeepSeek分析监控视频，他们已成功找回走失人员300余次。

The enthusiastic embrace of the technology by China’s bureaucracy reflects, in part, what often happens when Mr. Xi, China’s most dominant leader in decades, puts his stamp of approval on something. (Mr. Xi has set off frenzies over soccer, winter sports and high-end manufacturing, for instance.)

中国官僚体系对这项技术的热情追捧部分反映的是这几十年来中国最具权威的领导人习近平对某事物表示认可时往往会出现的一种情形。（例如，他曾引发人们对足球、冬季运动以及高端制造业的狂热。）

But it also shows the momentum that Mr. Xi has created in the years since he made advanced technologies like A.I. and supercomputers central to his vision of China’s someday surging ahead of the United States as a tech superpower. The emergence of DeepSeek showed that it was possible for a Chinese company to make an advanced A.I. system, diminishing the United States’ perceived lead in the strategic technology.

但这也表明了过去几年里习近平所营造出的一种势头，在他所构想的中国超越美国成为科技超级大国的愿景中，人工智能和超级计算机等先进技术成为核心。DeepSeek的出现表明，中国企业有能力打造出先进的人工智能系统，从而削弱美国在这一战略技术领域的领先地位。

DeepSeek’s rise has been a rare bit of good news at an economically precarious time for China. The inclusion of DeepSeek’s founder, Liang Wenfeng, in a rare meeting that Mr. Xi had with business leaders in Beijing was a sign of approval from the highest level of China’s leadership.

中国经济陷入困境之际，DeepSeek的崛起是一个难得的好消息。其创始人梁文锋参加了习近平在北京与民企负责人的一次罕见会面，由此可见来自中国最高领导层的认可。

“This is the Chinese government’s style of doing things,” said Huang Guangbin, an artificial intelligence expert at Southeast University in Nanjing. “They do not reject new technologies. In reality, once they have clearly identified a direction, they will actually promote it very boldly.”

南京东南大学的人工智能专家黄广斌表示，“这是中国政府的做事风格，就是对新技术不排斥。实际上是一旦认准这个方向，他们其实是很大胆地去推进。”

去年梅州发生严重洪灾，数千人被迫撤离。现在，该市在市民热线中使用DeepSeek。

In recent weeks, local Communist Party committees and police departments have held sessions to train workers to use DeepSeek. Logistics companies and hotel groups are encouraging employees to come up with uses for DeepSeek in graphic design and customer service.

最近几周，地方党委和公安部门举办了培训班，帮助工作人员使用DeepSeek。物流公司和酒店集团鼓励员工在平面设计和客户服务中使用DeepSeek。

The police in the eastern city of Nanchang asked the DeepSeek chatbot to settle a dispute over who should keep the house after a couple’s divorce. (The husband should repay his ex-wife for the renovations to the house that she had financed, the chatbot reportedly said.)

中国东部城市南昌的警方曾让DeepSeek的聊天机器人来处理一对夫妇离婚后关于房产归属的纠纷。（据报道，聊天机器人给出的结果是，丈夫应赔偿前妻出的房屋装修费用。）

DeepSeek sent U.S. tech stocks tumbling in January after it released details of an artificial intelligence system that performed as well as top products made by American companies. DeepSeek claimed to have used fewer expensive computer chips, challenging the idea that only the biggest tech companies could afford to make cutting-edge A.I. systems. The company also launched a chatbot app that has been downloaded around the world.

DeepSeek在今年1月发布了一款人工智能系统的详细信息，其性能可与美国公司的顶尖产品相媲美，这个消息重挫美国科技股。DeepSeek声称使用了较少的昂贵芯片，这对“只有大型科技公司才有能力打造尖端人工智能系统”的观点发起了挑战。该公司还推出了一款聊天机器人应用程序，全球都可下载。

In China, DeepSeek was cheered on social media and heralded as a hero of the tech industry. Mr. Liang, the founder, has been hailed as a technical engineer who has put a priority on fundamental questions about A.I. The government’s implicit endorsement of DeepSeek has further fueled interest.

在中国的社交媒体上，DeepSeek引发一片欢呼，被誉为科技行业的英雄。创始人梁文锋被誉为一位专注于人工智能基础问题的技术工程师。政府对DeepSeek不言自明的支持进一步推动了公众的关注。

To be in the spotlight in the world’s second-largest economy, where more than one billion people use the internet, is something most start-ups only dream about. All of the use only gives DeepSeek’s technology more material to learn from.

在这个网民超过10亿的全球第二大经济体成为众人瞩目的焦点是大多数初创公司梦寐以求的事情。DeepSeek的技术也因此获得了更多学习素材。

全国各地的公安局都举办了使用DeepSeek的培训。

But it can be hard to parse the substance from the hype. While scores of officials have pledged to use DeepSeek in their work, few have described specific examples in which the technology has made that work more effective or efficient.

但要分辨出炒作和干货可能并非易事。虽然许多官员都承诺在工作中使用DeepSeek的技术，但几乎没有人能列举出具体的例子，说明这项技术是如何让他们的工作变得更为高效和有效的。

The surge in demand raises questions about whether DeepSeek has the personnel and technical resources to quickly ramp up its capabilities. DeepSeek’s services have repeatedly crashed as millions of people have started using them. Just 160 people work at the start-up, according to Chinese media. DeepSeek did not respond to a request for comment.

需求激增引发了人们对DeepSeek是否拥有足够的人力和技术资源来迅速提升能力的疑问。随着数百万人开始使用它的服务，DeepSeek多次出现服务崩溃的情况。据中国媒体报道，这家初创公司仅有160名员工。DeepSeek没有回应置评请求。

And already some experts are warning about any headlong rush into A.I. by users, especially officials with responsibilities to the public, who might not know enough about its risks, given how new the technology is.

此外，已经有专家警告，一窝蜂地使用人工智能可能存在危险，尤其是对公众负有责任的官员，因为鉴于这项技术还相当新，他们可能对其中的风险了解得不够。

Officials should review all A.I.-generated content before using it, Zhong Huiyong, an associate researcher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, told The Paper, an official news outlet, because even the most advanced A.I. systems can easily spit out false information — an affliction of generative A.I., broadly. He said officials who relied too much on A.I. might lose touch with the “actual situation.”

上海交通大学的副研究员钟辉勇告诉《澎湃新闻》，官员在使用人工智能生成的内容之前应该对其进行人工审核，因为即使是最先进的人工智能系统，也很容易输出虚假信息——从广义上来说，这是生成式人工智能普遍存在的问题。他说，过度依赖人工智能的官员可能会与“实际情况”脱节。

The Chinese government has been quick to respond to advances in A.I., issuing regulations on generative A.I. systems used by the public, requiring them to conform to China’s strict censorship rules, as do websites and apps. Internet regulators are also concerned that the technology could encourage the spread of false information; this month, they issued rules that will require internet platforms to clearly identify any A.I.-generated content.

中国政府对人工智能领域的进展反应迅速，针对公众使用的生成式人工智能系统出台了相关规定，要求它们像网站和应用程序一样，遵守中国严格的审查制度。互联网监管机构也担心这项技术可能会助长虚假信息的传播；本月，他们发布了相关规定，要求互联网平台明确标识所有由人工智能生成的内容。

Even so, the Chinese government’s willingness to experiment with using A.I. is in contrast to officials elsewhere in the world who are wary of widely using the technology without being sure they can protect their citizens from its possible harms.

即便如此，中国政府愿意尝试使用人工智能，这与世界其他地方的官员形成鲜明对比，后者对广泛使用这项技术持谨慎态度，因为它们不确定能否保护公民免受其可能造成的危害。

In January, OpenAI released a version of ChatGPT designed to be used by U.S. government agencies. But rules about how officials can use A.I. vary significantly from state to state. In Pennsylvania, where some employees are allowed to use ChatGPT, the state reportedly said it prohibited OpenAI from using their queries to improve the technology. City employees in San Jose, Calif., have to fill out a form each time they use any generative A.I. technology.

今年1月，OpenAI发布了一个专供美国政府机构使用的ChatGPT版本。但关于官员应如何使用人工智能，各州的规定差异很大。在宾夕法尼亚州，一些雇员被允许使用ChatGPT，据报道，该州禁止OpenAI利用他们的提问来改进这项技术。加利福尼亚州圣何塞市的市政雇员每次使用任何生成式人工智能技术时都必须填写一份表格。

(The New York Times has sued OpenAI and its partner, Microsoft, accusing them of copyright infringement of news content related to A.I. systems. OpenAI and Microsoft have denied those claims.)

（《纽约时报》对OpenAI及其合作伙伴微软提起了诉讼，指控他们未经授权采用时报的新闻内容训练其人工智能系统。OpenAI和微软均否认了这些指控。）

For DeepSeek, the official attention from Beijing could cut both ways. Internet companies in China have only just started emerging from a yearslong crackdown that brought the sector more closely under the party’s control. The bigger or more influential DeepSeek gets, the more scrutiny it is likely to draw from the authorities — at home and abroad.

对于DeepSeek来说，来自中国政府的官方关注可能会产生两方面的影响。中国的互联网企业刚刚摆脱长达数年的整顿监管，这场打压加强了中共对互联网行业的控制。DeepSeek的规模越大或影响力越大，就越有可能受到国内外当局的更多审查。

Outside China, DeepSeek’s rise has worried regulators about censorship, security and data handling. Government departments in Australia, South Korea and Taiwan have told employees not to use DeepSeek’s services.

在中国以外，DeepSeek的崛起让监管机构对审查、安全和数据处理等方面感到担忧。澳大利亚、韩国和台湾的政府部门已通知员工不要使用DeepSeek的服务。

And DeepSeek’s association with the Chinese government has already become fodder for its competitors.

而且，DeepSeek与中国政府的联系已成为其竞争对手可利用的把柄。

Last week, OpenAI wrote a letter to the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy — in response to a U.S. government proposal — warning that Beijing could compel DeepSeek to “manipulate its models to cause harm.” It compared the start-up to Huawei, the Chinese telecommunications giant on a U.S. trade blacklist, and said the United States should adopt a policy that discouraged its allies from using technology that posed these kinds of risks, OpenAI said.

上周，OpenAI针对美国政府的一项提议致信白宫科技政策办公室，警告中国政府可能会强迫DeepSeek“操纵其模型来造成伤害”。OpenAI表示，它将这家初创公司与美国贸易黑名单上的中国电信巨头华为相提并论，并称美国应采取措施阻止盟友使用存在此类风险的技术。

“While America maintains a lead on A.I. today, DeepSeek shows that our lead is not wide and is narrowing,” the letter said.

信中称：“尽管美国如今在人工智能领域保持领先地位，但DeepSeek表明我们的领先优势并不明显，而且正在缩小。”

深圳市中级人民法院使用人工智能审阅和起草法庭文件。