Since his election victory, President Trump has said he would not seek retribution against his perceived enemies. “I’m not looking to go into the past,” he said last month on NBC’s “Meet the Press.” “Retribution will be through success.”

自胜选以来，特朗普总统一直表示不会对他认为的敌人采取报复行动。“我不想纠结过去的事情，”他上个月在NBC的《会见媒体》节目中说道。“报复将通过成功来实现。”

But in an executive order he signed on Monday night, Mr. Trump made clear that he has every intention to seek out and possibly punish government officials in the Justice Department and America’s intelligence agencies as a way to “correct past misconduct” against him and his supporters.

但在周一晚间签署的一项行政命令中，特朗普明确表明，他绝对有意寻找、并可能惩罚司法部和美国情报机构的政府官员，以“纠正过去”针对他及其支持者的“不当行为”。

It would be justice, the order said, against officials from the Biden administration who carried out an “unprecedented, third-world weaponization of prosecutorial power to upend the democratic process.”

该行政命令表示，这将是对拜登政府官员的正义之举，这些官员“以前所未有的、第三世界的方式将检察权武器化，以颠覆民主进程”。

This is what retribution could look like during the second Trump presidency: payback dressed up in the language of victimhood.

这就是特朗普第二个总统任期期间可能出现的报复：伪装在受害者的语言之下的报复。

That executive order, titled “Ending the Weaponization of the Federal Government,” came amid a blizzard of other actions on Monday evening.

这项名为“终止联邦政府武器化”的行政命令是周一晚间一系列其他行动的一部分。

They included a highly unusual separate order that stripped the security clearances of dozens of former intelligence officials whom Mr. Trump has viewed as his political enemies. Another order gave the White House authority to grant immediate top-secret security clearance to any official for up to six months, circumventing the traditional background process managed by the F.B.I. and the intelligence community.

其中包括一项极不寻常的单独命令，它剥夺了数十名前情报官员的安全许可，特朗普认为这些人是他的政治敌人。另一项命令赋予白宫权力，可以立即向任何官员授予最高机密的安全许可，最长可达六个月，从而绕过了联邦调查局和情报界管理的传统背景调查程序。

Taken together, these actions reveal the beginnings of a far more methodical approach by Mr. Trump to root out his perceived enemies within the government compared with his first term. Mr. Trump even used his Inaugural Address to raise the issue, saying that the scales of justice would be “rebalanced” after “the vicious, violent and unfair weaponization of the Justice Department and our government.”

综合来看，这些行动表明，与第一任期相比，特朗普开始采取更加有条不紊的方法来铲除政府内部被他视为敌人的人。特朗普甚至在就职演说中提出了这个问题，称在“司法部和我们的政府被恶毒、暴力和不公平地武器化”之后，司法的天平将“重新得到平衡”。

Charles Kupperman, a deputy national security adviser to Mr. Trump during his first term, said he viewed the executive order as the first step in an effort that could result in criminal investigations.

在特朗普第一任期内担任副国家安全顾问的查尔斯·库珀曼表示，他认为这项行政命令是可能导致刑事调查的第一步。

“It looks like the beginning of a retribution campaign because it’s backward looking,” Mr. Kupperman said. “He’s still grappling with the past four years, and this is not the right outlet for him to play this out. It plays to his MAGA base, but it’s not the right one for the country.”

“这看起来像是报复运动的开始，因为这是在往回看，”库珀曼说。“他仍然对过去四年的失败念念不忘，而这并不是他发泄的正确渠道。这能取悦他的‘恢复美国伟大荣光’支持者，但对国家不利。”

Even where the internal inquiries ordered by Mr. Trump do not lead to investigations or prosecutions, they could yield information that he could use to publicly criticize or harass federal workers or officials he perceives as enemies — a practice he employed regularly during his first term and appears to be continuing.

尽管特朗普下令进行的内部调查不会导致正式调查或起诉，它们也可能提供一些信息，让他能够用来公开批评或骚扰被他视为敌人的联邦工作人员或官员——这是他在第一任期内经常采用的做法，这一次似乎仍将继续。

Within hours of taking office on Monday, Mr. Trump revoked Secret Service protection for one of his most outspoken critics, John R. Bolton, a former national security adviser who has been the target of death threats from Iran, Mr. Bolton said on Tuesday.

特朗普最直言不讳的批评者之一约翰·博尔顿周二表示，特朗普周一上任仅几个小时后，就撤销了特勤局对他的保护。博尔顿是前国家安全顾问、曾受到伊朗的死亡威胁。

Mr. Trump has long used grievance as a political tool, portraying himself as the victim of what he claims is a powerful and amorphous “deep state.”

特朗普长期以来一直将怨愤当作一种政治工具，将自己描绘成他所称的强大而无定形的“深层政府”的受害者。

特朗普签署的一系列行政命令表明，与第一任期相比，他开始采取更加有条不紊的方法来铲除政府内部被他视为敌人的人。

During his first administration, he took numerous if often haphazard steps to seek payback. In March 2017, he fired off baseless social media posts about how the F.B.I. had wiretapped his presidential campaign, and later enlisted congressional allies like Representative Devin Nunes, Republican of California, to investigate the bureau’s actions.

在他的第一任期内，他采取了许多措施来寻求报复，尽管这些措施往往很随意。2017年3月，他在社交媒体上发布了毫无根据的帖子，称联邦调查局窃听了他的总统竞选活动，后来又招募了他在国会的盟友（如加利福尼亚州共和党众议员德温·努涅斯）来调查联邦调查局的行为。

Ultimately, Mr. Trump’s attorney general appointed a special prosecutor, John H. Durham, to investigate the F.B.I.’s actions during the 2016 campaign and its handling of the inquiry into ties between Russia and the Trump campaign. Mr. Trump pushed for Mr. Durham to finish his work before the 2020 election, but the investigation did not conclude until 2023.

最终，特朗普的司法部长任命了一位名叫约翰·达勒姆的特别检察官，负责调查联邦调查局在2016年竞选期间的行为，以及该局对俄罗斯与特朗普竞选团队之间关系调查的处理。特朗普要求达勒姆在2020年大选前完成工作，但调查直到2023年才结束。

His investigation ended with a whimper: The report criticized the bureau for confirmation bias and lack of analytical rigor during the Russia investigation, but showed no evidence of a “deep state conspiracy” and charged no high-level F.B.I. or intelligence officials with any crimes.

他的调查没有得出重大的发现：报告批评调查局在对俄罗斯的调查中存在确认偏见，缺乏严谨的分析，但没有找出“深层政府阴谋”的证据，也没有指控联邦调查局或情报部门的高层官员犯有任何罪行。

Mr. Trump’s new executive order directs the attorney general and the director of national intelligence to investigate the previous administration’s actions with the aim of unearthing political bias in the agencies they oversee as well as in others like the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Trade Commission. They will then report back to the White House “with recommendations for appropriate remedial actions.”

特朗普新的行政命令指示司法部长和国家情报总监调查上届政府的行为，目的是揭露他们所监管的机构，以及证券交易委员会和联邦贸易委员会等其他机构的政治偏见。然后，他们将向白宫汇报，“并就适当的补救措施提出建议”。

Mr. Trump’s public statements, and the language of the order itself, leave little doubt about what he believes the conclusions of the investigation should be. He asserted that many of the Biden administration’s actions against political opponents “appear to be inconsistent with the Constitution and/or the laws of the United States.”

特朗普的公开声明和命令本身的措辞明确表达了他认为调查的结论应该是什么。他声称拜登政府针对政治对手的许多行动“似乎不符合宪法和/或美国法律”。

The executive order stands in stark contrast to how Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s administration initially approached investigating Mr. Trump’s first term. When Mr. Biden took office, his top officials repeatedly insisted that they were focused on the future, and that looking backward was a waste of time and energy.

这项行政命令与拜登政府最初对特朗普第一任期调查的方式形成了鲜明对比。拜登上任时，他的高官们一再坚称他们着眼于未来，回顾过去是浪费时间和精力。

Ultimately, the Biden administration appointed a special counsel, Jack Smith, who took the extraordinary step of bringing criminal charges against Mr. Trump in two cases. But Democrats and anti-Trump Republicans have said the administration took far too long to investigate Mr. Trump, allowing him to take office before he went on trial.

最终，拜登政府任命了特别检察官杰克·史密斯，他采取了非同寻常的措施，在两起案件中对特朗普提出了刑事指控。但民主党人和反特朗普的共和党人表示，政府调查特朗普的时间太长，导致他在接受审判之前就已经上任。

The repeated failures by Democrats and the Justice Department to hold Mr. Trump accountable — whether that was during his first term or when he was indicted twice when he was out of office — have led some to believe that Democrats need to adopt tactics similar to the ones Mr. Trump starting employing on Monday.

民主党人和司法部在追究特朗普的责任方面屡屡失败——无论是在他的第一个任期内，还是在他卸任后两次被起诉时——这让一些人认为，民主党人需要采取与特朗普周一开始采用的策略类似的方式。

Alex Aronson, the executive director of Court Accountability, an advocacy group, said Mr. Biden should have clearly signaled on his first day in office that his administration would aggressively pursue accountability for wrongdoing. But Mr. Aronson said Mr. Biden and the rest of his administration, including Merrick B. Garland, his attorney general, were far too focused on restoring norms than trying to hold Mr. Trump and his administration accountable.

倡导组织“法院问责”的执行主任亚历克斯·阿伦森表示，拜登本应在上任第一天就明确表示，他的政府将积极追究不法行为的责任。但阿伦森说，拜登和他的政府其他成员，包括他的司法部长梅里克·加兰，都过于专注于恢复规范，而不是试图追究特朗普及其政府的责任。

“Trump was going to accuse President Biden of weaponizing the Justice Department against him regardless of when or how the D.O.J. prosecuted Trump for these crimes,” Mr. Aronson said. “Garland’s hesitation to pursue accountability out of fear of Trump’s inevitable baseless accusations ultimately helped Trump delay accountability until he escaped it altogether.”

“无论司法部何时或如何起诉特朗普的这些罪行，特朗普都会指责拜登总统将司法部作为对付他的武器，”阿伦森说。“加兰因害怕特朗普不可避免的无端指责，而在追究责任方面犹豫不决，最终帮助特朗普拖延了时间，直到他完全逃脱责任。”