The Chinese government on Monday warned other countries against curbing trade with China in order to win a reprieve from American tariffs, promising to retaliate against countries that do so.

中国政府周一警告其他国家，不要为争取美国的关税豁免而限制与中国的贸易，并誓言将对这样做的国家采取反制措施。

The Chinese Ministry of Commerce said it was responding to foreign media reports that President Trump’s administration was trying to pressure other countries on their trade with China as a negotiating tactic.

中国商务部称警告是针对外国媒体的报道发出的，有报道称特朗普政府在关税谈判中采取的一个策略是试图迫使其他国家限制对华贸易。

“Appeasement will not bring peace, and compromise will not earn respect,” the ministry said in a statement. “Seeking so-called exemptions by harming the interests of others for one’s own selfish and shortsighted gains is like negotiating with a tiger for its skin. In the end, it will only lead to a lose-lose situation.”

“绥靖换不来和平，妥协也得不到尊重，”中国商务部新闻发言人在答记者问时说。“为一己一时私利，以损害别人利益来换取所谓豁免是与虎谋皮，最终只能是两头落空，损人不利己。”

China “firmly opposes any party reaching a deal at the expense of China’s interests,” it said, adding that China would “resolutely take countermeasures.”

中国“坚决反对任何一方以牺牲中方利益为代价达成交易”，商务部说，并补充说，中国“将坚决对等地采取反制措施”。

The Trump administration has not officially said it would pressure countries to limit trade with China in return for relief from tariffs. But Mr. Trump has signaled that he is open to the idea. Last week on a Spanish-language Fox News program, the host asked Mr. Trump whether Latin American countries should be forced to choose between Chinese and American investment.

特朗普政府尚未正式表示将向各国施压，要求它们限制对华贸易，以换取关税豁免。但特朗普已表示，他对这个想法持开放态度。上周，在福克斯新闻的西班牙语节目中，主持人问特朗普，拉丁美洲国家是否将被迫在中国与美国的投资之间做出选择。

“Maybe, yeah, maybe,” Mr. Trump responded. “They should do that.”

“有可能，是的，有可能，”特朗普回答道，“它们应该做选择。”

The United States was the biggest single-country market for Chinese goods before the latest tariffs, but the Chinese government had been working for years to diversify its export markets, in part to hedge against rising tensions with Washington.

在最新几轮关税之前，美国曾是中国商品的最大单一市场国，但中国政府近年来一直在努力让出口市场多元化，这在一定程度上是针对日益加剧的中美紧张关系所采取的保护措施。

Since the latest escalation, China has been working furiously to shore up those ties with other countries, both to send a message that it will not be isolated, and to cast itself as a reliable alternative to an unpredictable America.

自最新一轮中美贸易战升级以来，中国一直在努力加强与其他国家的贸易关系，这样做既是为了传递中国不会被孤立的信息，也是为了将自己塑造为难以预测的美国的可靠替代者。

China’s leader, Xi Jinping, hosted the prime minister of Spain earlier this month, and he toured several Southeast Asian countries last week. In Vietnam, Mr. Xi called on other countries to join with China in defending free trade and “an open and cooperative international environment.” In Malaysia, he urged the region to “reject decoupling, supply disruption” and “tariff abuse.”

中国国家主席习近平曾在本月初接待了来访的西班牙首相，并在上周访问了几个东南亚国家。习近平在越南呼吁其他国家与中国一道，共同捍卫自由贸易和“开放合作的国际环境”。他在马来西亚敦促东亚地区“拒绝脱钩断链”、“滥征关税”。

Chinese state media on Monday also highlighted remarks from Britain’s top budget official who said that cutting ties with China would be “foolish.” And Chinese officials have been reaching out to officials from the European Union, Japan and South Korea.

中国官媒周一还专门报道了英国财政大臣的说法，他说停止与中国接触是“愚蠢之举”。中国官员们一直在与欧盟、日本、韩国的官员进行接触。

At stake for China is not only its direct trade ties with other countries, but also a potential route for its goods to continue reaching the United States. Chinese manufacturers in recent years have built factories in countries like Vietnam and Mexico, enabling them to continue selling to the United States without the “Made in China” label. If those countries limit trade with China, those back doors would be endangered.

其他国家限制对华贸易不仅关乎中国与它们的直接贸易关系，也关乎中国商品继续进入美国市场的潜在途径。近年来，中国制造商已在越南和墨西哥等国建厂，让商品在没有“中国制造”的标签情况下继续销往美国。如果这些国家限制与中国的贸易，这些“后门”将面临危险。

Already, there are signs that some countries may offer China-related concessions to the United States. Vietnamese officials have pledged to crack down on transshipment, a practice where goods are shipped through a third country with a lower tariff rate. American officials have accused China of transshipping through Vietnam.

已有迹象表明，一些国家可能会向美国提供与中国相关的让步。越南官员已承诺打击转运，也就是让中国货物通过美国征收较低关税的第三国运往美国。美国官员已指责中国通过越南进行转运。

Other countries have also stopped short of endorsing China’s calls to team up against the American tariffs. After a social media account affiliated with Chinese state media said China, Japan and South Korea had agreed on a joint response, a Korean official said the claim was “somewhat exaggerated.”

其他国家也没有响应中国对联手抵制美国关税的呼吁。一个隶属于中国官媒的社交媒体账号称中、日、韩已同意采取联合应对措施后，一名韩国官员说，这种说法“有些夸大”。

But countries are also wary of offending China. Vietnam, for example, has not explicitly mentioned China in its promises to crack down on trade fraud.

但世界各国也小心翼翼地不冒犯中国。例如，越南并没有在打击贸易欺诈的承诺中明确提到中国。

And even before the Commerce Ministry statement on Monday, China had made clear it would not shy away from harsher tactics, in addition to its diplomatic overtures. In March, China imposed tariffs of up to 100 percent on canola oil and canola meal, pork and other foods from Canada. The tariffs were ostensibly a response to Canadian tariffs on Chinese goods. But Chinese state media also said they were a warning to Canada not to make nice with Mr. Trump at China’s expense.

甚至在商务部周一发表声明之前，中国已经明确表示，除了进行外交努力外，不会在采取更严厉措施上手软。今年3月，中国对来自加拿大的菜籽油和菜籽粕、猪肉及其他食品征收最高100%的关税。这些关税表面上对是加拿大对中国商品征收关税的反制。但中国官媒也表示，征收关税是警告加拿大不要以牺牲中国利益为代价来讨好特朗普。