The Trump administration has approved sales of thousands of air defense interceptor missiles and related services valued at $17 billion to Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, according to State Department and congressional officials.

据美国国务院和国会官员透露，特朗普政府已批准向科威特、阿拉伯联合酋长国和巴林出售价值170亿美元的数千枚防空拦截导弹及相关服务。

The exports were approved despite alarm among some Pentagon officials over the dwindling U.S. stockpiles of such missiles, which have been expended in large numbers during the war against Iran.

尽管五角大楼部分官员对此类导弹的美国库存日益减少感到担忧——这些导弹在对伊朗战争中已被大量消耗，出口仍获得批准。

The State Department gave formal notification of the sales to Congress last Friday. But it did not announce them in public statements, as it did with other arms sales to Israel and Gulf Arab nations that it authorized that day under an emergency provision.

国务院上周五已正式通知国会有关这些军售，但并未像同一天根据紧急条款授权的对以色列和海湾阿拉伯国家的其他军售那样通过公开声明予以宣布。

The packages of sales announced in news releases on Friday were valued at more than $8.6 billion, and the State Department said it was bypassing congressional approval to expedite them because of an emergency in the Middle East.

上周五新闻稿中公布的军售方案总价值超过86亿美元，国务院表示，鉴于中东紧急局势，将绕过国会批准程序以加快交付。

In total, the State Department authorized about $25.7 billion in sales last Friday.

国务院上周五总共授权了约257亿美元的军售。

The $17.1 billion of interceptor missiles and related services being sold to Kuwait, Bahrain and the Emirates are expansions of three earlier sales approved by Congress — a package in 2019 in the case of Bahrain, and in 2024 for Kuwait and the Emirates. The State Department generally does not issue news releases about expansions of previous sales.

此次向科威特、巴林和阿联酋出售的价值171亿美元的拦截导弹及相关服务是对国会此前批准的三笔军售的扩展——巴林为2019年的一揽子协议，科威特和阿联酋则为2024年。国务院通常不会就此前军售的扩展发布新闻稿。

“These countries have deployed U.S. defense systems successfully to defend their territory and people, Americans overseas and U.S. bases,” the State Department said in a statement to The New York Times after it was asked about the sales. “This emergency action sends our partners a clear message we stand with them.”

在被问及此次军售时，国务院在给《纽约时报》的一份声明中称：“这些国家已成功部署美国防御系统来保卫其领土和人民、海外美国人以及美国基地。这一紧急行动向我们的伙伴发出明确信息，我们与他们站在一起。”

The State Department did not provide a breakdown of how many interceptor missiles each country would receive. A congressional official said the dollar values were $9.3 billion from Kuwait, $6.25 billion from the Emirates and $1.625 billion from Bahrain.

国务院未详细列出每个国家将获得多少拦截导弹。一名国会官员表示，科威特购入的导弹总价为93亿美元，阿联酋为62.5亿美元，巴林为16.25亿美元。

The letter to Congress from the State Department lists two types of Patriot interceptor missiles in the orders from each country, according to a copy obtained by The Times.

据《纽约时报》获得的一份副本显示，国务院致国会的信函中列出了每个国家订单中的两种爱国者拦截导弹类型。

The three orders amount to about 4,250 missiles, based on the fact that a single interceptor missile costs about $4 million. That is in addition to another large order: Last Friday, in one of its news releases on the $8.6 billion in new emergency sales, the State Department said Qatar was ordering $4 billion of interceptor missiles, which equates to about 1,000 units. It would take years to produce those amounts.

根据单枚拦截导弹成本约400万美元计算，三笔订单总计约4250枚导弹。此外还有另一笔大额订单：上周五，在公布的86亿美元新型紧急军售中，国务院表示卡塔尔订购了40亿美元的拦截导弹，约1000枚。这些导弹的生产将耗时数年。

The Patriot air defense system is made by Raytheon, and that company and Lockheed Martin produce missiles for it.

爱国者防空系统由雷神公司制造，该公司与洛克希德·马丁公司共同生产其导弹。

Since President Trump and Israel started a new war against Iran on Feb. 28, the U.S. military has used more than 1,300 Patriot interceptor missiles, according to internal Defense Department estimates, putting a significant dent into global American stockpiles. The Times first reported last month on the extent to which the United States has used up critical munitions.

自特朗普总统和以色列于2月28日对伊朗发动新战争以来，据国防部内部估算，美军已使用超过1300枚爱国者拦截导弹，这对美国全球库存造成了重大消耗。《纽约时报》上月首次报道了美国关键弹药消耗的程度。

During the war, Gulf Arab countries have fired about 600 Patriot interceptor missiles to defend themselves against Iranian missiles and drones.

战争期间，海湾阿拉伯国家已发射约600枚爱国者拦截导弹，以防御伊朗导弹和无人机袭击。

上个月，巴林锡特拉，一处社区遭拦截无人机袭击受损。巴林正从美国购买价值16.25亿美元的拦截导弹及相关服务。

American companies produce more than 600 Patriot interceptor missiles per year. That means the United States and its Gulf Arab partners have burned through three years’ worth of such missiles in the war. Officials in the region have been pressing American counterparts to expedite shipments and to consider drawing from U.S. stockpiles to do so.

美国公司每年生产超过600枚爱国者拦截导弹。这意味着美国及其海湾阿拉伯伙伴在战争中已消耗了三年产量的此类导弹。该地区官员一直敦促美国方面加快交付，并考虑从美国库存中调拨。

Patriot air defense launchers and interceptor missiles are among the most coveted weapons systems in the world. Ukraine, for instance, has asked the United States for the systems throughout its defensive war against Russia. The Trump administration has announced a plan for companies to increase total production of interceptor missiles to 2,000 units per year, but that change would take time.

爱国者防空发射器和拦截导弹是世界上最受追捧的武器系统之一。例如，乌克兰在其抵御俄罗斯的战争中曾请求美国提供该系统。特朗普政府已宣布计划将拦截导弹年总产量提高至2000枚，但这一调整需要时间。

The administration now has to make hard decisions on allocation of missiles. Some Pentagon officials are worried that the military’s readiness for conflicts has been compromised by the low U.S. supplies. It has had to divert munitions from U.S. commands in Asia and Europe to the Middle East, despite a widespread assessment in Washington that China — with the fastest-growing military in the world — poses the biggest security challenge to the United States.

政府现在必须对导弹的分配做出艰难决定。部分五角大楼官员担心，美军因库存不足而影响了战备能力。尽管华盛顿普遍认为中国——拥有全球增长最快的军队——对美国构成最大的安全挑战，但美军仍不得不将弹药从亚洲和欧洲司令部转移至中东。

When Raytheon and Lockheed Martin send interceptor missiles rolling off production lines to the dozen or so foreign customers that have signed contracts for them, that means fewer munitions for the United States.

当雷神公司和洛克希德·马丁公司的拦截导弹下线交付给十几个已签署合同的外国客户时，意味着美国自身可获得的弹药将减少。

Democratic and some Republican lawmakers have been pressing administration officials about the compromises to U.S. global military capabilities given the drain on resources by the Iran war.

民主党人和部分共和党议员一直就伊朗战争消耗资源危及美国全球军事能力一事向政府官员施压。

The Trump administration has invoked an emergency authorization three times to bypass the standard congressional approval process to make arms sales to the Middle East. The $8.64 billion of arms exports announced last Friday was the latest instance. In January, it bypassed congressional approval to sell Apache attack helicopters, combat land vehicles and other arms to Israel, but did not invoke an emergency provision then.

特朗普政府已三次援引紧急授权，绕过常规国会批准程序向中东进行军售。上周五宣布的86.4亿美元军售是最新一次。今年1月，政府绕过国会批准向以色列出售阿帕奇攻击直升机、地面作战车辆及其他武器，但当时并未援引紧急条款。

“The repeated sidelining of Congress on arms sales has become a feature, not a bug, of this administration,” Representative Gregory W. Meeks of New York, the top Democrat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said in a statement to The Times this week.

纽约州众议员、众议院外交事务委员会首席民主党人格雷戈里·W·米克斯本周向《纽约时报》发表声明称：“在军售问题上反复将国会边缘化已成为本届政府有意而为的手段，而非疏漏。”

“Again invoking emergency authorities, this time for over $25 billion in major weapons transfers, only highlights the administration’s failure to manage this war of choice,” he added. “It did not do the necessary homework before going to war, and now it is rushing to resupply Gulf partners while unnecessarily bypassing Congress, which stand as yet further examples of the administration’s own unpreparedness.”

他补充道：“此次再次援引紧急授权、涉及超过250亿美元的主要武器转让进一步凸显出，政府未能有效管理这场选择性战争。它在开战前没有做好必要准备，现在又急于重新补给海湾伙伴，同时不必要地绕过国会，这些都是政府自身准备不足的进一步例证。”

In a statement released last Friday, Mr. Meeks mentioned the $25 billion sum, which his aides had learned earlier was the total amount of newly authorized arms sales to the Middle East by the State Department.

在上周五发布的声明中，米克斯提到了250亿美元这一总额，他的助手此前已获悉这是国务院新授权的对中东军售总金额。

The gap between that and the $8.64 billion in sales that the State Department announced that day prompted The Times to ask the State Department about the difference. The department acknowledged the further sales of interceptor missiles in a statement this week.

《纽约时报》注意到该总额与国务院当天公布的86.4亿美元之间的差距，随后向国务院询问。国务院本周在一份声明中承认了另外的拦截导弹销售。