A tenuous cease-fire between the United States and Iran was being tested on Wednesday by heavy Israeli bombardment in Lebanon, which Israel and President Trump insisted was not part of the cease-fire deal, and by continued Iranian attacks on its Persian Gulf neighbors.

美伊之间脆弱的停火协议在周三受到了严峻考验：以色列对黎巴嫩发动了猛烈轰炸，而以色列和特朗普总统坚称此次行动不属于停火协议范围；同时，伊朗继续对其波斯湾邻国发动袭击。

Although the cease-fire promised to bring two weeks of relative calm to the Middle East and buy time for Iran and the United States to hammer out a longer-term peace deal, many questions remained about the fate of Iran’s highly enriched uranium, the safe passage of ships in the Strait of Hormuz and whether ongoing Iranian and Israeli attacks could upend the diplomatic process.

这份停火协议有望为中东地区带来两周相对平静的时期，并为伊朗与美国达成更长期的和平协议争取时间，但伊朗高浓缩铀的处置、霍尔木兹海峡船只的安全通行，以及伊朗和以色列持续的攻击是否会颠覆外交进程，仍然是未知数。

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif of Pakistan, who helped broker the cease-fire that was announced on Tuesday, wrote on social media on Wednesday that violations had been reported in several places, “which undermine the spirit” of the peace process.

巴基斯坦总理谢赫巴兹·谢里夫参与促成了周二宣布的这份停火协议，周三，他在社交媒体上发文称，已有多地报告违反停火的情况，这破坏了和平进程的“精神”。

“I earnestly and sincerely urge all parties to exercise restraint and respect the ceasefire for two weeks, as agreed upon, so that diplomacy can take a lead role towards peaceful settlement of the conflict,” he wrote.

“我真诚而恳切地敦促各方保持克制，遵守双方商定的两周停火，以便让外交能够在和平解决冲突中发挥主导作用，”他写道。

Talks aimed at a long-term agreement were set to begin on Saturday in Islamabad, Pakistan’s capital. Iran’s Supreme National Security Council confirmed that Iranian leaders would take part in the negotiations. The Trump administration said it would send Vice President JD Vance, Steve Witkoff, a special envoy, and Jared Kushner, President Trump’s son-in-law.

旨在达成长期协议的谈判定于周六在巴基斯坦首都伊斯兰堡开始。伊朗最高国家安全委员会证实，伊朗领导人将参加谈判。特朗普政府表示，将派副总统JD·万斯、特使史蒂夫·维特科夫以及特朗普总统的女婿贾里德·库什纳出席。

Mr. Trump said that his administration would “work closely with Iran,” a stark shift in tone after he demanded Tehran’s “unconditional surrender” for weeks and threatened to destroy the country’s “whole civilization” if it didn’t reopen the Strait of Hormuz by Tuesday night.

特朗普表示，他的政府将“与伊朗密切合作”，这与他几周来要求德黑兰“无条件投降”，并威胁如果伊朗不在周二晚上前重新开放霍尔木兹海峡就将摧毁其“整个文明”的强硬语气形成了鲜明对比。

Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, said that U.S. officials were working on a modified peace plan that would closely mirror a 15-point proposal that Mr. Trump put forward weeks ago, “so long as the Strait of Hormuz remains open.”

白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特表示，美国官员正在制定一份修改后的和平计划，该计划将与特朗普几周前提出的15点方案基本一致，“只要霍尔木兹海峡保持开放。”

The status of the strait was just one of many uncertainties on Wednesday.

霍尔木兹海峡的现状只是周三众多不确定因素中的一个。

Iran, which had effectively choked off most crude oil and natural gas shipments through the strait during the war, was supposed to reopen the waterway during the two-week cease-fire. But it was unclear if the strait was open on Wednesday, and who was in control of it. One Iranian news outlet reported that shipping in the strait had been halted in response to Israeli attacks on Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed militia in Lebanon. Ms. Leavitt dismissed that report as “false.”

伊朗在战争期间已经实质上切断通过该海峡的大部分原油和天然气运输，按照停火协议，它应在两周停火期间重新开放该水道。但截至周三，有关海峡是否已经开放、由谁控制等问题，仍无法明确。一家伊朗新闻媒体报道称，鉴于以色列对伊朗支持的黎巴嫩真主党发动袭击，海峡航运已被暂停。莱维特驳斥该报道为“虚假消息”。

“We have seen an uptick of traffic in the strait today,” she told reporters at the White House, “and I will reiterate the president’s expectation and demand that the Strait of Hormuz is reopened immediately, quickly and safely.”

“我们今天看到海峡的交通流量有所增加，”她在白宫告诉记者，“我再次重申总统的期望和要求：霍尔木兹海峡必须立即、迅速且安全地重新开放。”

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel said the cease-fire with Iran was “not the end of the battle.”

以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡表示，与伊朗的停火“并非战斗的结束”。

“It is a stop on the way to achieving all of our objectives,” Mr. Netanyahu said in a statement on Wednesday. “We have more objectives to achieve, and we will achieve them — either by agreement, or by resuming the fighting.”

“这只是我们实现所有目标途中的一个停顿，”内塔尼亚胡周三在一份声明中说。“我们还有更多目标要实现，我们将通过协议或恢复战斗来实现它们。”

Iranian leaders accused the United States of not holding up its side of the cease-fire, making the future of the truce even murkier. Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the speaker of Iran’s Parliament, said the United States had already breached several principles of the deal.

伊朗领导人指责美国没有履行停火协议中的义务，这让停火的前景更加扑朔迷离。伊朗议会发言人穆罕默德·巴盖尔·加利巴夫表示，美国已经违反了协议中的多项原则。

Israel was still attacking Hezbollah in Lebanon, which Mr. Ghalibaf said was a violation of the truce. He added that a hostile drone also entered Iranian airspace in violation of the cease-fire.

以色列仍在对黎巴嫩的真主党发动攻击，加利巴夫称这违反了停火协议。他还称一架敌方无人机闯入伊朗领空，同样违反了停火规定。

Mr. Ghalibaf said the truce and the upcoming negotiations with the United States were “unreasonable” given these issues and continuing U.S. opposition to Iranian nuclear enrichment. Still, he stopped short of saying Iran would pull out of the cease-fire or withdraw from the talks in Islamabad.

加利巴夫表示，鉴于这些问题以及美国继续反对伊朗的核浓缩活动，即将到来的停火与美国谈判是“不合理的”。不过，他并未明确表示伊朗将退出停火或撤出在伊斯兰堡的谈判。

Ms. Leavitt and Mr. Netanyahu said the cease-fire did not extend to Lebanon, contradicting Iran and Mr. Sharif, the Pakistani prime minister, who said that Lebanon was protected under the deal.

莱维特和内塔尼亚胡均表示，停火协议不包括黎巴嫩，这与伊朗以及巴基斯坦总理谢里夫的说法相矛盾，后者称黎巴嫩受到该协议的保护。

On Wednesday, Israel carried out the biggest bombardment of Lebanon in its monthlong war against Hezbollah, which started firing rockets into Israel in March in solidarity with Iran.

周三，以色列对黎巴嫩发动了在其针对真主党长达一个月的战争中规模最大的轰炸行动。真主党自3月起开始向以色列发射火箭弹，以支援伊朗。

Israeli jets pummeled the Lebanese capital, Beirut, and other parts of the country, with many strikes hitting densely populated areas without warning. The Israeli military said it had targeted more than 100 Hezbollah targets in the span of just 10 minutes.

以色列战机猛烈轰炸黎巴嫩首都贝鲁特以及该国其他地区，许多袭击在没有预警的情况下击中了人口稠密地区。以色列军方表示，在短短10分钟内就打击了100多个真主党目标。

Residents had no time to flee as munitions rained down on crowded neighborhoods, some once considered safe.

当弹药如雨点般落在拥挤的居民区时，居民们根本来不及逃离，其中一些街区曾被认为是安全的。

At least 182 people were killed and about 900 others were injured, according to Lebanon’s health ministry, making it among the deadliest days since the war began. Search teams were looking for more bodies under the rubble of apartment buildings, and the sound of ambulances echoed across Beirut as plumes of thick, acrid smoke rose above the skyline.

根据黎巴嫩卫生部的统计，至少有182人死亡，约900人受伤，这是战争爆发以来最血腥的日子之一。搜救队正在公寓楼的废墟下寻找更多遇难者遗体，救护车的鸣笛声回荡在贝鲁特上空，浓烈刺鼻的黑烟在城市天际线上升腾。

周三，黎巴嫩贝鲁特马兹拉滨海区遭空袭后的景象。

The truce was also strained by continued Iranian attacks reported by Persian Gulf countries on Wednesday. Kuwait’s army said that since 8 a.m. local time, the country had faced 28 Iranian drone attacks, some of which had targeted “vital oil and power facilities” and caused extensive damage.

波斯湾国家周三报告的伊朗持续袭击也让停火协议承受压力。科威特军方表示，自当地时间上午8时以来，该国已遭遇28次伊朗无人机袭击，其中一些针对“重要的石油和电力设施”，并造成严重破坏。

In the United Arab Emirates, the defense ministry reported 17 ballistic missiles and 35 drone attacks launched by Iran since the beginning of the cease-fire. And the Saudi defense ministry said on Wednesday afternoon that it had intercepted nine drones in recent hours, without naming an attacker.

在阿拉伯联合酋长国，国防部报告称，自停火开始以来，伊朗已发射17枚弹道导弹和35架无人机。沙特国防部周三下午表示，最近几小时内拦截了九架无人机，但未指明攻击者。

It was unclear why the attacks were continuing, despite the truce and the beginning of what Mr. Trump called “a big day for World Peace.” Iran’s state media also reported that an oil refinery on Lavan, an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf, had been struck by unspecified “enemies.”

尽管停火已经开始，且特朗普称这是“世界和平的重要一天”，但这些袭击为何仍在继续，目前尚不得而知。伊朗官方媒体还报道称，位于波斯湾拉万岛的一座炼油厂遭到不明“敌人”的袭击。

Looming over the cease-fire was the possibility of further U.S. and Israeli military action in Iran.

停火协议上空还笼罩着美国和以色列可能对伊朗采取进一步军事行动的阴影。

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and Gen. Dan Caine, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told reporters on Wednesday that all U.S. military objectives had been achieved in what Mr. Hegseth called “a historic and overwhelming victory on the battlefield.”

美国国防部长皮特·海格塞斯和参谋长联席会议主席丹·凯恩将军周三对记者表示，美国在海格塞斯所称的“战场上的一次历史性的、压倒性的胜利”中已实现所有军事目标。

But Mr. Hegseth suggested that Mr. Trump could still order a U.S. commando raid to seize Iran’s stockpile of 970 pounds of highly enriched uranium. Such a mission would at a minimum involve hundreds of U.S. Special Operations troops and would come with high risks, current and former commanders say.

但海格塞斯暗示，特朗普仍可能下令美军特种部队突袭，以夺取约440公斤的伊朗高浓缩铀库存。现任和前任指挥官均表示，此类任务至少需要动用数百名美国特种作战部队士兵，且风险极高。

“They will either give it to us,” Mr. Hegseth said of the uranium, “or we’ll take it out.”

“他们要么把铀交给我们，”海格塞斯谈到这些高浓缩铀时说，“要么我们就自己去取。”