Europe’s nationalist right rejoiced when Donald Trump was first elected in 2016. It celebrated again when he returned to the White House last year. His triumph was seen as a vindication of the anti-immigrant, anti-woke platforms that have been gaining momentum on their side of the Atlantic, too.

2016年特朗普首次当选时，欧洲民族主义右翼欢欣鼓舞。去年他重返白宫时，他们再次举杯庆祝。他的胜利被视为反移民、反觉醒主义立场的胜利证明——这样的立场在大西洋彼岸也正日益壮大。

But over the past year, Trump’s aggressive tariffs, his threats to invade Greenland, his war on Iran — and the energy crisis it has spawned — not to mention his attacks on the pope, have changed that.

但过去一年里，特朗普咄咄逼人的关税政策、入侵格陵兰岛的威胁、对伊朗发动的战争及其引发的能源危机，更不用说他对教皇的攻击，彻底改变了这一切。

Today my colleague Jason Horowitz, our Madrid bureau chief, writes about how Trump’s brand is now so toxic in Europe that left-wingers and conservatives are both opposing him.

我的同事、马德里分社社长杰森·霍洛维茨今日撰文指出，特朗普的品牌如今在欧洲已变得有毒，以至于左翼和保守派都站到了他的对立面。

Why so many leaders in Europe want to stand up to Trump

为何欧洲多国领导人纷纷站出来对抗特朗普

By Jason Horowitz

作者：杰森·霍洛维茨

He’s the newly anointed leader of the global left.

他是全球左翼新晋领袖。

She’s a pioneer of Europe’s new nationalist right.

她是欧洲新民粹右翼的先驱。

Even though Pedro Sánchez of Spain and Giorgia Meloni of Italy are two European prime ministers on opposite ends of the ideological spectrum, last week they both found themselves walking the same path to political survival: standing up to President Trump.

尽管西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯和意大利总理乔治娅·梅洛尼分属意识形态光谱的两端，上周两人却走上了同一条政治生存之路：公开对抗特朗普总统。

It’s a sign of just how low Trump’s standing in Europe has fallen.

这一现象标志着特朗普在欧洲的声望已跌至谷底。

Trump as life preserver

特朗普成了救命稻草

In Spain, Sánchez has emerged as the darling of the international left for his early-and-often opposition to Trump, whether it be the American president’s tariff threats, his demands for increased military spending, his Greenland ambitions or, most critically, his war in Iran.

在西班牙，桑切斯因早早就持续不断地反对特朗普成为国际左翼的宠儿。无论是特朗普的关税威胁、要求欧洲增加军费开支、觊觎格陵兰岛的野心，还是最关键的对伊朗战争，桑切斯都明确表示反对。

“No to war,” Sánchez bellowed at a conference in Barcelona that I attended over the weekend. He spoke to a rapturous crowd consisting of his Spanish base, but also liberal leaders from Europe, South America, Africa and the United States. “Shame on those who defend the privileges of the elites,” he said, “who support war.”

“反对战争！”上周末在巴塞罗那参加的一场会议上，桑切斯高声疾呼。台下如痴如醉的听众中，不仅有他的西班牙基本盘，还有来自欧洲、南美、非洲和美国的自由派领导人。“那些为精英特权辩护、支持战争的人，应该感到羞耻。”

But as many Spanish analysts have pointed out, Sánchez’s standing up to Trump, and Trump’s repeated put-downs of Sánchez, have served not only to elevate the prime minister’s stature abroad, but to distract from his troubles at home. Sánchez’s former political associates are facing embarrassing corruption scandals and trials in the Spanish Supreme Court this month. (They say that they are innocent, and Sánchez himself is not implicated.)

但正如许多西班牙分析人士指出的，桑切斯对抗特朗普，以及特朗普屡次贬低桑切斯不仅提升了这位首相的国际声望，也成功转移了人们对他国内困境的注意力。桑切斯的前政治盟友本月正因令人尴尬的腐败丑闻在西班牙最高法院受审。（他们均声称自己无罪，桑切斯本人未被牵连。）

Sánchez had been sinking in polls since the summer. But Trump has become a life preserver. The more Sánchez seeks to distance Spain from the U.S., the better his poll numbers look. Since taking on Trump, he is stirring enthusiasm among a base he desperately needs to mobilize. His popularity is swelling.

自去年夏天以来，桑切斯的支持率一路下滑。但特朗普成了他的救命稻草。桑切斯越是努力让西班牙与美国保持距离，他的民调数据就越好看。自从公开对抗特朗普后，他在他急需动员的基本盘中激起了热情，支持率大幅飙升。

Trump as albatross

特朗普是沉重的包袱

Something not dissimilar is playing out across the Mediterranean Sea, in Italy.

在地中海对岸的意大利，类似的剧情正在上演。

Sánchez and Meloni don’t have much in common politically. She’s the standard-bearer of a hard-right European ideology that had long embraced Trump for his nationalism, opposition to immigration and disdain for liberal identity politics. For years, Meloni had sought leverage in Europe as a sort of right-wing bridge to Trump.

桑切斯和梅洛尼在政治上几乎没有共同点。梅洛尼是欧洲极右翼意识形态的旗手。长期以来，因为特朗普的民族主义立场、反对移民以及对自由派身份政治的蔑视，欧洲极右翼一直对特朗普推崇备至。多年来，梅洛尼一直试图在欧洲发挥影响力，充当右翼与特朗普之间的桥梁。

And yet last week, she found herself traveling the same Trump-divergent road.

然而上周，她也走上了与特朗普分道扬镳的路。

Meloni recently lost a referendum that many analysts attributed to her close association with Trump. His popularity in Italy has plummeted since he threatened tariffs, including on pasta, and launched the war in Iran.

梅洛尼最近输掉了一场公投，许多分析人士将其归咎于她与特朗普的密切关联。自从特朗普威胁对包括意大利面在内的商品加征关税，并发动对伊朗的战争后，他在意大利的支持率一落千丈。

Then Trump attacked Pope Leo XIV.

雪上加霜的是，特朗普还攻击了教宗良十四世。

In Catholic Italy, where the Vatican matters, a choice between taking the side of a popular pope standing up for peace in a war that most Italians oppose and an American president digging popularity ditches isn’t much of a choice at all. Meloni, who has governed more as a pragmatist than an ideologue, took the pope’s side.

在天主教的意大利，梵蒂冈的影响力举足轻重。在一场遭到大多数意大利人反对的战争中，选择站在广受欢迎、为和平挺身而出的教宗一边，还是站在自毁人气的美国总统一边，该怎样选择几乎没有悬念。执政风格更偏向实用主义而非意识形态的梅洛尼选择了支持教宗。

“I find President Trump’s remarks about the Holy Father unacceptable,” Meloni said.

“我认为特朗普总统对教宗的言论是不可接受的，”梅洛尼说。

Trump did the hard work for Meloni in response, attacking her as disloyal, not the person he thought he knew. For Meloni, who, like Sánchez, is expected to face elections next year, the breakup message was essentially a political gift.

特朗普的回应帮了梅洛尼大忙：他攻击梅洛尼不忠诚，称她不再是他认识的那个人。对于和桑切斯一样预计明年将面临大选的梅洛尼来说，这场“分手”本质上是一份政治大礼。

A toxic American president

有毒的美国总统

That distance from Trump is a political imperative for such diametrically ideological opposites as Sánchez and Meloni demonstrates how toxic the American president has become across the continent.

对于意识形态截然相反的桑切斯和梅洛尼而言，与特朗普保持距离都已成为政治上的必然选择，这充分说明这位美国总统在整个欧洲大陆已变得多么有毒。

On the left, Trump has been a boogeyman from Day 1, and Sánchez has clearly made the calculation that the political benefits of running hard against the American president are worth whatever blowback may come. His advisers say the country, which has a growing economy, a trade surplus with the United States and the protection of the European Union when it comes to trade agreements, is well equipped for any reprisals. Trump is so unpopular that he is more useful to Sánchez as a foil than a friend.

在左翼阵营，特朗普从一开始就是恶棍。桑切斯显然算过一笔账：全力对抗这位美国总统带来的政治收益足以抵消任何可能的反噬。他的顾问表示，西班牙经济持续增长，对美存在贸易顺差，且在贸易协定方面有欧盟的保护，完全有能力应对任何反制措施。特朗普如此不得人心，对桑切斯来说，他作为对手的价值远大于作为朋友的价值。

On the other hand, European conservatives for years saw Trump as an energizing figure, someone who broke with taboos against the far-right, who created momentum as they sought to dismantle the European Union and carry out more nationalist agendas back home.

另一方面，欧洲保守派多年来一直将特朗普视为鼓舞人心的人物。他打破了针对极右翼的禁忌，为他们推动欧盟解体、在国内推行更多民族主义议程创造了势头。

But the distance sought by Meloni suggests that may be changing.

但梅洛尼寻求与特朗普保持距离的举动表明，这种情况正在改变。

In Britain, Nigel Farage, a onetime Trump fan, is increasingly critical of him. A leading figure in Germany’s far-right AfD party called him a “millstone.” In France, leaders of the National Rally have explicitly called for distance. Now it seems that Meloni, too, has decided he is a bridge too far.

在英国，曾经是特朗普拥趸的奈杰尔·法拉奇对他的批评日益增多。德国极右翼政党德国选择党的一位核心人物称特朗普是“负担”。在法国，国民联盟的领导人已明确呼吁与特朗普划清界限。如今，梅洛尼似乎也认定他已经太过火了。

And if she wanted more evidence that Trump’s embrace could be electorally unhelpful, she would need to look no further than Hungary, where, despite good tidings from Trump and a personal visit from Vice President JD Vance, Meloni’s ally, Viktor Orban, recently lost in a landslide.

如果她还需要更多证据证明特朗普的支持对选举毫无帮助，只需看看匈牙利就够了。尽管获得特朗普的力挺、副总统万斯亲自到访，梅洛尼的盟友维克托·欧尔班最近还是在选举中遭到惨败。